EAGER: SaTC: CORE: Small: Decentralized Data Assurance by Fair Proof of Work Consensus Federated Ledgers

向第五代（5G）及5G以上（B5G）无线网络发展，设想了一个广泛部署和数据驱动的智能边缘网络，集成了机器学习（ML）和人工智能（AI）。智能B5G网络最吸引人的特点之一是在对象之间共享数据，协同做出综合决策，为人们提供更好的服务。通过BSG边缘网络连接的物联网（IoT）产生和收集大量数据。随着经济和社会对数据安全依赖的加深，数据完整性、身份验证或隐私性的破坏可能会造成灾难性的后果。基于b5g的物联网应用必须在延迟、可靠性、数据速率和用户自定义性能指标等方面满足高度动态和多样化的需求。此外，大多数数据具有本地意义，这些数据是在现场或现场附近生成、收集、处理的，用于即时决策。将这些数据传输到远程云中心不仅会造成不必要的延迟，还会浪费宝贵的资源。相反，需要能够主动适应B5G边缘网络动态的分散在线解决方案。该项目将推动基于B5G无线网络的智能边缘计算范式中数据安全的研究前沿。为了使区块链成为未来智能网络的有机组成部分，研究人员提出了一种新颖的联邦账本架构，该架构具有公平的工作量证明（PoW）共识，由边缘雾云范式（FLAME）中的Miner-twins实现。FLAME利用数字孪生（DT）和微服务架构，是一个可扩展的、分散的数据安全解决方案，适用于高度异构的B5G物联网网络。该项目由两个技术部分组成：(1)基于联邦账本的分散数据管理（Fed-DDM）方案，用于分层边缘网络中的数据保证；(2)在边缘异构区块链网络中实现公平采矿即服务（FMaaS）共识机制的新型边缘雾云矿工双胞胎（MinT）架构。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

Moving toward the fifth-generation (5G) and beyond 5G (B5G) wireless networks envisions a pervasively-deployed and data-driven intelligent edge network integrating machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI). One of the most attractive features of an intelligent B5G network is to share data among objects to collaboratively make comprehensive decisions and provide better services to people. A huge amount of data is produced and collected by Internet of Things (IoT) connected through the BSG edge networks. Breach of integrity, authentication, or privacy of data may cause disastrous consequences as the dependence of the economy and societies on the security of data also deepen. B5G-based IoT applications must meet highly dynamic and diverse requirements in terms of latency, reliability, data rate, and user-defined performance metrics. In addition, most of the data is locally significant, which is generated, collected, processed on-site or near-site for instant decision making. Transmitting these data to a remote cloud center not only causes unnecessary delays but also wastes precious resources. Instead, there is a need for decentralized, online solutions that can proactively adapt to the B5G edge network dynamics.This project will advance the research frontier of data security in B5G wireless network enabled intelligent edge computing paradigm. Aiming at paving the way to make blockchain an organic part of future intelligent networks, the investigator proposes a novel Federated Ledgers Architecture with fair proof-of-work (PoW) consensus enabled by Miner-twins in the Edge-fog-cloud paradigm (FLAME). Leveraging the Digital Twins (DT) and Microservices architecture, FLAME is a scale-able, decentralized data security solution for highly heterogeneous B5G IoT networks. This project consists of two technical components: (1) a Federated ledgers-based Decentralized Data Management (Fed-DDM) scheme for data assurance in hierarchical edge networks; and (2) a novel edge-fog-cloud Miner-Twins (MinT) architecture to enable a Fair-Mining-as-a-Service (FMaaS) consensus mechanism in heterogeneous blockchain networks at the edge.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.