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Elephantine in Context

背景中的大象

基本信息

批准号：
254430328
负责人：
Professor Dr. Bernd U. Schipper
金额：
--
依托单位：
Niedersächsische Akademie der Wissenschaften zu Göttingen
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2014
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2013-12-31 至 2018-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/254430328?language=en
关键词：
Elephantine Context

项目摘要

The research project aims at an investigation oft the Judean military garrison on the Nile island of Elephantine in the context of Persian Period Egypt (5th-4th century B.C.E). The investigation breaks with the scholarly confines that tend to focus solely on the group of the Judeans at Elephantine and wants to take into account the historical and social interaction of this group with the indigenous Egyptian population, the ruling Persian elite and the other ethnicities stationed on the facing island of Syene. Already the Aramaic papyri and ostraca mention these groups. Additionally we have the text themselves. Excavations under the auspices of the Berlin Museum at the beginning of the 20th century have not only unearthed Aramaic papyri but also Demotic and Egyptian-Hieratic texts. This evidence as well as the interaction mentioned in the papyri prompts the question of Elephantine in Context. The evidence mentioned above has thus far been neglected by scholarship and it can only be rendered accessible by interdisciplinary research. Here we are thinking of the contribution of Egyptology that assumes for quite some time now a multicultural Egyptian society during the Persian and Hellenistic-Roman period. Biblical scholarship in contrast has not yet accepted this view. Mainly because the material from Elephantine is either regarded as a marginal phenomenon or interpreted along the lines proposed by Bezalel Porten in 1968 in light of a biblical view of a 'Judaism' during the Second (Jerusalem) Temple period. In this perspective the remaining ethnicities are seen as 'the other' and the historical and social contacts are described as 'pagan contacts'. In the research project the topic of Elephantine in Context will be approached from two directions. Disseminated into two partial projects (Teilprojekt) the texts will be investigated that are either multi-culturally received (TP1 on the Achiqar composition) or contain concrete evidence for internal and external contacts (TP 2 on letters and contracts). Both projects are supplemented by a sub-project that will analyse the textual evidence from a sociological perspective and investigate the possibility of applying recent theories from historical sociology to the textual corpus. The project is headed by Bernd Schipper (Berlin) a specialist in biblical and Egyptian wisdom literature who, at the same time, will belabour TP1. Reinhard Kratz (Göttingen, TP2) and Bob Becking (Utrecht) two leading authorities of international research on Elephantine will also be part of the research team. Additionally the project is connected to the scientific inspection of the Demotic, Hieratic and Aramaic papyri from Elephantine currently done by the Egyptological Museum of Berlin under the guidance of Verena Lepper.

该研究项目的目的是在埃及波斯时期（公元前5-前世纪）的背景下，对尼罗河象岛上的犹太军事驻军进行调查。调查打破了学术界的局限，倾向于只关注大象的犹太人群体，并希望考虑到这个群体与埃及土著人口，统治波斯精英和驻扎在对面的Syene岛上的其他民族的历史和社会互动。阿拉姆的纸莎草纸和奥斯特拉卡已经提到了这些群体。此外，我们还有文本本身。世纪初，在柏林博物馆的主持下，考古学家们不仅发掘出了阿拉姆纸莎草纸，而且还发掘出了世俗和基督教-僧侣文本。这一证据以及纸莎草纸中提到的相互作用引发了语境中的大象问题。迄今为止，上述证据一直被学术界所忽视，只有通过跨学科研究才能获得。在这里，我们想到的是古埃及学的贡献，它在相当长的一段时间里假设了波斯和希腊罗马时期的埃及社会是一个多元文化的社会。相比之下，《圣经》学术界尚未接受这一观点。主要是因为来自大象的材料要么被认为是一种边缘现象，要么被沿着Bezalel Porten在1968年提出的路线解释，该路线是根据圣经对第二圣殿时期（耶路撒冷）“犹太教”的看法提出的。在这种观点中，其余的种族被视为“他者”，历史和社会接触被描述为“异教徒接触”。本研究将从两个方向探讨语境中的大象。通过两个部分项目（Teilprojekt）传播，将对文本进行调查，这些文本要么是多文化接受的（关于Achiqar作文的TP 1），要么包含内部和外部接触的具体证据（关于信件和合同的TP 2）。这两个项目都由一个子项目补充，该子项目将从社会学的角度分析文本证据，并研究将历史社会学的最新理论应用于文本语料库的可能性。该项目由贝恩德·希佩尔（柏林）领导，他是圣经和埃及智慧文学方面的专家，同时，他将抨击TP 1。Reinhard Kratz（Göttingen，TP 2）和Bob Becking（乌得勒支）这两位国际大象研究的权威也将成为研究团队的一部分。此外，该项目还与目前由柏林考古博物馆在Verena Lepper的指导下对来自Elephantine的世俗、僧侣和阿拉姆纸莎草纸进行的科学检查有关。