The What and When of Processing Projective Content

处理投射内容的内容和时间

• 批准号: 254937179
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Anke Holler
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Seminar für Deutsche Philologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2014
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2013-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/254937179?language=en
• 关键词: What; When; Processing; Projective; Content

The investigation of projective content (PC) has mostly relied on introspective and off-line methods like the Family-of-sentences-test and the 'Hey, wait a minute'-test. These methods have been very fruitful in delineating the different classes of PC, and have been applied to a variety of languages. In the past ten years, these results have been backed up by a number of on-line studies investigating the absolute timing of processing steps driven by different types of PC. However, what still seems to be lacking is a precise picture of the relative timing of the procedural steps involved in the interpretation of expressions that are classified as projective in the literature.In this project, we aim at laying a foundation for the experimental study of the relative timing of interpretive steps involved in the processing of different types of PC relative to that of other types of linguistic information (morphological, syntactic, lexical). The project will be concerned with three types of PC: uniqueness presuppositions, expressives, and additivity/exclusivity presuppositions/implica-tures. All three branches of investigation will be based on the assumption that PCs exert contextual felicity conditions; hence, we will manipulate the contextual properties of target sentences containing triggers for PC by providing them with different types of context. Moreover, all three branches use the time-course of the processing of a (non-PC) expression in the target sentence as an anchor point relative to which the timing of the effects of PC will be measured. That is, we will use the well-established effects of a number of morphosyntactic and lexical manipulations (attachment preferences, effects of implicit causality, etc.) as a benchmark relative to which the onset and the unfolding of interpretive steps affected by PC can be measured. In a parallel part of the project, we plan to use down-sized versions of our materials for testing children to learn more about the acquisition of PC processing.We will employ a combination of off-line and on-line methods, among them felicity ratings, 2AFC tasks with and without mouse tracking. Most importantly, we will use eye tracking in reading to pinpoint the exact timing of interpretive steps.The contribution this project will make to the overall priority programme XPRAG.de is two-fold: on the one hand, we hope to further our understanding of the psycholinguistics of processing PC, i.e. of the representations and processes underlying its processing, and its acquisition; in addition, our results will contribute to the methodological options available for the experimental study of PC. On the other hand, our results on the time-course of processing different types of PC will contribute to the discussion of the heterogeneity of PC, and ultimately may lead to a more fine-grained distinction of types of PC based on their processing behaviour.

投射内容（PC）的研究主要依赖于内省和离线的方法，如家庭测试和“嘿，等一下”测试。这些方法在划分PC的不同类方面非常富有成效，并已应用于各种语言。在过去的十年里，这些结果已经得到了一些在线研究的支持，这些研究调查了不同类型的PC驱动的处理步骤的绝对时间。然而，目前还缺乏对投射性表达的解释过程中各步骤相对时间的精确描述，本研究旨在为不同类型的投射性表达的解释步骤相对于其他类型语言信息的相对时间的实验研究奠定基础（形态、句法、词汇）。该项目将涉及三种类型的PC：独特性预设，表达和加性/排他性预设/含义。所有这三个分支的调查将基于这样的假设，即PC施加上下文的适切性条件，因此，我们将操纵的上下文属性的目标句子包含触发PC提供不同类型的上下文。此外，所有三个分支使用的时间过程中的一个（非PC）表达在目标句子作为一个锚点，相对于PC的效果的时间将被测量。也就是说，我们将使用一些形态句法和词汇操作（依恋偏好，隐含因果关系的影响等）的公认效果。作为一个基准，相对于PC影响的解释步骤的开始和展开可以被测量。在这个项目的一个平行部分，我们计划使用缩小版本的材料来测试儿童，以了解更多关于PC处理的获得。我们将采用离线和在线方法相结合，其中包括幸福评级，2AFC任务，有和没有鼠标跟踪。最重要的是，我们将在阅读中使用眼动追踪来精确地确定解释步骤的确切时间。这个项目对整个优先项目的贡献XPRAG.de有两个方面：一方面，我们希望进一步了解处理PC的心理语言学，即其处理和获得的表征和过程;此外，我们的研究结果将有助于PC的实验研究的方法学选择。另一方面，我们的结果处理不同类型的PC的时间过程将有助于PC的异质性的讨论，并最终可能导致更细粒度的PC类型的区别，根据他们的处理行为。