NSF-BSF: Multi-ion Transport, Rotation, and Turbulence in Hydrodynamic Compression of Z-pinch

NSF-BSF：Z 箍缩流体动力压缩中的多离子输运、旋转和湍流

• 批准号: 2308829
• 负责人: Nathaniel Fisch
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Princeton University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2027-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2308829&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSF; BSF; Multi; ion; Transport

This award supports a collaborative effort between Princeton University and the Weizmann Institute of Science to study turbulence in a magnetized plasma - an ionized gas permeated by magnetic fields - confined in a laboratory experiment called a Z-pinch. Recent theoretical work has predicted new fundamental phenomena in a multi-ion magnetized plasma, or partially ionized plasma, on timescales characteristic of the turbulent plasma evolution. On these timescales, the transport of heat and particles may vary among ion species, with energy residing in the thermal motion of one ionic species or another, or in electrons, or in the turbulent flows. The Weizmann Z-pinch experiment is distinctively positioned to explore these theoretical predictions in the laboratory and to distinguish their unusual features through precision spectroscopic measurements. The Princeton-Weizmann collaboration aspires both to validate the theoretical predictions and to understand any unexpected phenomena uncovered. The fundamental understanding of a magnetized Z-pinch plasma could underpin applications to x-ray generation and nuclear fusion energy development.Precision spectroscopic measurements of a turbulent, imploding Z-pinch plasma at the Weizmann Institute of Science uncovered fundamental, new, and curious plasma effects. Inviscid on time and space scales of interest in ways that usual fluids tend not to be, the Z-pinch plasma at Weizmann serves as a virtual laboratory for unusual viscid and inviscid plasma dynamics. These dynamics, which include the compression of plasma laden with turbulent kinetic energy, have led to the prediction of the sudden viscous dissipation effect in compressing plasma. Further important plasma effects have been predicted by the Princeton team in magnetized multi-species plasma and partially magnetized plasma, including the charge incompressibility heat pump effect and the partial ionization deconfinement effect. These effects can be important: trace impurities can quickly poison fusion reactions or quench radiation generation in an imploding plasma -- and using too many trace impurities can surprisingly render invalid inferences of plasma parameters. Thus, this project's objective is to theoretically refine and experimentally validate the theoretical predictions of charge state profiles in a turbulent Z-pinch plasma.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持普林斯顿大学和魏茨曼科学研究所之间的合作努力，研究磁化等离子体中的湍流-一种被磁场渗透的电离气体-被限制在一个称为Z箍缩的实验室实验中。 最近的理论工作预测了新的基本现象，在多离子磁化等离子体，或部分电离等离子体，在时间尺度上的湍流等离子体演化的特征。 在这些时间尺度上，热量和粒子的传输可以在离子种类之间变化，能量存在于一种离子种类或另一种离子种类的热运动中，或者存在于电子中，或者存在于湍流中。 魏茨曼Z箍缩实验的独特定位是在实验室中探索这些理论预测，并通过精确的光谱测量来区分它们的不寻常特征。 莱顿-魏茨曼的合作既希望验证理论预测，也希望了解任何发现的意外现象。 对磁化Z箍缩等离子体的基本理解可以支持X射线产生和核聚变能源开发的应用。魏茨曼科学研究所对湍流内爆Z箍缩等离子体的精确光谱测量揭示了基本的、新的和奇怪的等离子体效应。魏茨曼的Z箍缩等离子体在时间和空间尺度上的无粘性是普通流体所不具有的，它是研究不寻常的粘性和无粘性等离子体动力学的虚拟实验室。这些动力学，其中包括压缩等离子体充满湍流动能，导致在压缩等离子体的突然粘性耗散效应的预测。普林斯顿团队预测了磁化多物种等离子体和部分磁化等离子体中更重要的等离子体效应，包括电荷不可压缩热泵效应和部分电离解除禁闭效应。这些影响可能很重要：痕量杂质可以迅速毒害聚变反应或淬灭内爆等离子体中的辐射产生-使用太多的痕量杂质可以令人惊讶地使等离子体参数的推断无效。因此，该项目的目标是从理论上完善和实验上验证湍流Z箍缩等离子体中电荷态分布的理论预测。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。