Collaborative Research: FET: Medium: Efficient Compilation for Dynamically Reconfigurable Atom Arrays

合作研究：FET：中：动态可重构原子阵列的高效编译

• 批准号: 2313083
• 负责人: Jason Cong
• 金额: $ 63万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2313083&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; FET; Medium; Efficient

Quantum computing is considered one of the most promising alternatives to go beyond the Moore’s Law scaling and provide drastic acceleration for selected applications and further the information technology revolution. The groundbreaking research carried out over the past four decades indicates that large-scale quantum systems may be used for far-reaching applications ranging from simulations of complex quantum matter to general purpose quantum information processing. Several quantum hardware platforms have made substantial advances in the past decade. Neutral atoms trapped in arrays of optical tweezers have recently emerged as an exceptionally promising experimental platform for programmable quantum simulations and quantum computation. These systems are readily scaled to large numbers and demonstrated experimentally that the qubit coupling for entanglement can be reconfigured dynamically during the quantum computation process, thus, are named dynamically reconfigurable atom arrays (DRAAs). DRAA introduces a number of unique opportunities. In particular, it supports a cache-compute computation model, where temporary data can be “cached” in a specific atom array for later computation, mimicking the architecture of modern CPUs. Moreover, algorithms involving error-corrected logical qubits can be implemented very efficiently, with a number of controls that scales with a number of logical (rather than physical) qubits. However, to take full advantage of this unique architecture, novel methods for compilation need to be developed, as programming a DRAA involves not only qubit placement and gate scheduling, but also atom movement. In addition, error correction needs to be considered and optimized under the constraint of available resources.This project aims at developing a novel DRAA compiler that simultaneously considers the problems of qubit placement, gate scheduling, atom movement, and selected error correction under a common compilation framework. In particular, it addresses four interrelated problems, including (i) Scalable compilation for DRAA that can efficiently support mapping, scheduling, and atom movement for DRAAs with hundreds to tens of thousands of atoms; (ii) Efficient support of the cache-based DRAA architecture, which has a memory zone, an entanglement zone, and a readout zone, with data reuse and data movement optimization; (iii) Customized support for hardware-efficient error correction on DRAAs that takes full advantage of atom movement capability, transversal property, and DRAA-specific error-biasing; and (iv) Selective error correction under resource constraints, where error criticality is analyzed and identified. The algorithms and compilation flow will be tested experimentally on the DRAA quantum computer developed at Harvard University. The project is an interdisciplinary collaboration effort by a team of researchers from the University of California Los Angeles (UCLA) Computer Science Department and the Harvard Physics Department. The investigators plan to integrate the research with education to expose students to the exciting opportunities of quantum computing and train a new generation of students so that they have deep knowledge in both quantum computing device technologies and large-scale design automation and optimization. The research results from this project will be disseminated widely via publications and tutorials at various conferences. The team will further facilitate the technology transfer and community-wide participation using open-source releases of both the compilation system and the DRAA experimental data developed under this project. Finally, the investigators plan to broaden the participation in computing via high-school summer programs and partnerships with various diversity and outreach programs, such as the Center for Excellence in Engineering and Diversity at UCLA and CUAEngage at Harvard.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

量子计算被认为是超越摩尔定律缩放的最有前途的替代方案之一，并为选定的应用提供急剧的加速，并进一步推动信息技术革命。 过去四十年来进行的突破性研究表明，大规模量子系统可以用于从复杂量子物质的模拟到通用量子信息处理的广泛应用。在过去十年中，几个量子硬件平台取得了实质性进展。被囚禁在光镊阵列中的中性原子最近成为可编程量子模拟和量子计算的一个非常有前途的实验平台。这些系统很容易扩展到大的数量，并通过实验证明，在量子计算过程中，用于纠缠的量子比特耦合可以动态地重新配置，因此，被命名为动态可重构原子阵列（DRAAs）。DRAA带来了许多独特的机会。特别是，它支持缓存计算模型，其中临时数据可以“缓存”在特定的原子数组中以供以后计算，模仿现代CPU的架构。此外，涉及纠错逻辑量子位的算法可以非常有效地实现，其中许多控制与逻辑（而不是物理）量子位的数量成比例。然而，为了充分利用这种独特的架构，需要开发新的编译方法，因为对DRAA进行编程不仅涉及量子位的放置和门调度，还涉及原子的移动。此外，纠错需要考虑和优化的限制下可用的资源。本项目旨在开发一种新型的DRAA编译器，同时考虑量子位的位置，门调度，原子运动，并选择错误校正在一个共同的编译框架下的问题。特别地，它解决了四个相互关联的问题，包括（i）用于DRAA的可扩展编译，其可以有效地支持具有数百到数万个原子的DRAA的映射、调度和原子移动;（ii）有效地支持基于高速缓存的DRAA架构，其具有存储器区、纠缠区和读出区，具有数据重用和数据移动优化;（iii）对DRA上的硬件高效纠错的定制支持，其充分利用原子移动能力、横向属性和DRA特定的错误偏置;以及（iv）在资源约束下的选择性纠错，其中分析和识别错误关键性。算法和编译流程将在哈佛大学开发的DRAA量子计算机上进行实验测试。该项目是由来自加州洛杉矶大学（UCLA）计算机科学系和哈佛物理系的一组研究人员进行的跨学科合作。研究人员计划将研究与教育相结合，让学生接触到量子计算的激动人心的机会，并培养新一代学生，使他们在量子计算设备技术和大规模设计自动化和优化方面都有深入的知识。该项目的研究成果将通过出版物和各种会议上的辅导广泛传播。该小组将利用在该项目下开发的汇编系统和DRAA实验数据的开放源码版本，进一步促进技术转让和社区范围的参与。最后，研究人员计划通过高中暑期项目以及与各种多样性和外展项目的合作伙伴关系来扩大对计算的参与，例如加州大学洛杉矶分校的工程和多样性卓越中心和哈佛的CUAEngage。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。