MRI: Acquisition of a dual-acquisition high-density EEG with transcranial electrical neuromodulation for psychophysiological research.

美国国家科学基金会主要研究仪器奖资助北密歇根大学（NMU）的高密度脑电图（HD-EEG）系统，该系统具有高密度经颅电刺激（HD-tES）神经调节技术和时间锁定双采集能力。脑电图是一种非侵入性的脑电活动测量方法，具有优异的（毫秒级）时间分辨率。HD-tES的神经调节提供了一种非侵入性的实验方法，可以高精度地操纵大脑活动，以评估神经激活与人类行为之间的因果关系。当两个（或更多）脑电图设备被时间锁定时，这种被称为超扫描的方法可以深入了解社会互动背后的神经机制。该合同支持的仪器是一个具有HD-EEG、超扫描EEG和HD-tES功能的集成系统。北密歇根大学是一所以农村为主的本科院校，有大量的第一代和低收入家庭的学生。该奖项支持的仪器将显著改善NMU的研究环境，并为未被充分代表的本科生提供创新和新兴神经科学技术的关键培训机会。该奖项支持的研究整合了HD-EEG、超扫描和HD-tES方法，代表了人类神经科学研究的新前沿，有可能通过测试二元社会环境中大脑-行为关系的因果关系来改变这一领域。该奖项支持涉及情感和认知神经科学以及心理学的社会认知、行为和应用领域的教师和本科生的合作研究项目。基于脑电图的奖励处理测量在适应和不适应行为的背景下得到了广泛的研究。然而，这些基于奖励的脑电图信号的潜在神经发生器仍然是一个争论点。该奖项支持的仪器提供了一个独特的机会，通过hd - te电刺激潜在的神经发生器，并评估神经调节对脑电图奖励处理测量的因果影响。神经调节对奖励加工的因果效应在多种情境下进行了研究，包括简单的投标任务、认知训练协议和操作性更新范式建模复发行为。该奖项支持的研究利用仪器的超扫描能力来评估内在动机的神经相关性，作为心理需求满足与挫折的功能，通过涉及合作和竞争的二元社会互动。超扫描也被用来评估在二元社会环境中基于脑电图的表现监测措施的差异。研究探讨了在合作与竞争的二元社会互动中，以奖励加工和绩效监控源为目标的hd - te在多大程度上可以用来调节内在动机、合作以及任务绩效。简而言之，该奖项支持的研究整合了HD-EEG、超扫描和HD-tES方法，旨在更好地理解参与奖励处理和社会环境下人类行为表现监测的神经系统之间的因果关系。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation award funds the acquisition of a high-density electroencephalogram (HD-EEG) system with high-density transcranial electric stimulation (HD-tES) neuromodulation technology and time-locked dual acquisition capabilities at Northern Michigan University (NMU). EEG is a non-invasive measure of the brain’s electrical activity with excellent (millisecond level) temporal resolution. Neuromodulation with HD-tES offers a non-invasive method of experimentally manipulating brain activity with high precision to assess the causal link between neural activation and human behavior. When two (or more) EEG devices are time-locked this method, known as hyperscanning, allows for insight into the neural mechanisms underlying social interactions. The instrumentation supported by this award is an integrated system with HD-EEG, hyperscanning EEG, and HD-tES functionality. Northern Michigan University, NMU, is a rural predominantly undergraduate institution with a large number of first-generation and low-income students. The instrumentation supported by this award will significantly enhance the research environment at NMU and in doing so provide critical training opportunities for underrepresented undergraduate students in innovative and emergent neuroscience techniques. The research supported by this award integrates across HD-EEG, hyperscanning, and HD-tES methodologies—representing a new frontier in human neuroscience research that has the potential to transform the field by testing for cause and effect brain-behavior relationships in dyadic social environments. This award supports collaborative research projects involving faculty and undergraduate students in the areas of affective and cognitive neuroscience as well as social-cogniton, behavioral, and applied fields of psychology. EEG based measures of reward processing have been extensively studied in the context of adaptive and maladaptive behavior. Yet, the underlying neural generator of these reward-based EEG signals remains a point of contention. The instrumentation supported by this award provides a unique opportunity to electrically stimulate potential neural generators via HD-tES and assess the causal effects of neuromodulation on EEG measures of reward processing. The causal effects of neuromodulation on reward processing are studied in multiple contexts including simple bidding tasks, cognitive training protocols, and operant renewal paradigms modeling relapse behavior. The research supported by this award utilizes the hyperscanning capabilities of the instrumentation to assess the neural correlates of intrinsic motivation as a function of psychological need fulfillment vs frustration via dyadic social interactions involving cooperation and competition. Hyperscanning is also used to assess differences in EEG-based measures of performance-monitoring in dyadic social environments. Studies explore the extent to which HD-tES targeting of reward processing and performance monitoring sources can be used to modulate intrinsic motivation and cooperation as well as task performance in cooperative vs competitive dyadic social interactions. In short, the research enabled by this award integrates across HD-EEG, hyperscanning, and HD-tES methodologies with the aim of better understanding the cause and effect relationship between the neural systems involved in reward processing and performance monitoring on human behavior in social contextsThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.