MRI: Acquisition of a dual-acquisition high-density EEG with transcranial electrical neuromodulation for psychophysiological research.

这项国家科学基金会重大研究仪器奖资助北方密歇根大学（NMU）收购一个具有高密度经颅电刺激（HD-tES）神经调节技术和时间锁定双重采集功能的高密度脑电图（HD-EEG）系统。脑电图是一种非侵入性的测量大脑的电活动与优秀的（毫秒级）时间分辨率。HD-tES神经调节提供了一种非侵入性的方法，可以高精度地实验性操纵大脑活动，以评估神经激活与人类行为之间的因果关系。当两个（或多个）EEG设备被时间锁定时，这种被称为超扫描的方法可以洞察社会互动背后的神经机制。该奖项支持的仪器是一个集成系统，具有HD-EEG、超扫描EEG和HD-tES功能。北方密歇根大学是一所以农村为主的本科院校，拥有大量第一代和低收入家庭的学生。该奖项所支持的仪器将显着提高在NMU的研究环境，并在这样做提供创新和新兴神经科学技术的代表性不足的本科生的关键培训机会。该奖项支持的研究整合了HD-EEG，超扫描和HD-tES方法学-代表了人类神经科学研究的新前沿，有可能通过测试二元社会环境中的因果脑行为关系来改变该领域。该奖项支持涉及情感和认知神经科学领域以及社会认知，行为和心理学应用领域的教师和本科生的合作研究项目。基于EEG的奖励处理的措施已经在适应和适应不良行为的背景下被广泛研究。然而，这些基于奖励的EEG信号的潜在神经发生器仍然是一个争论点。该奖项支持的仪器提供了一个独特的机会，通过HD-tES电刺激潜在的神经发生器，并评估神经调节对奖励处理EEG测量的因果影响。在多种背景下，包括简单的投标任务，认知训练协议，和操作性更新范式建模复发行为的神经调节奖励处理的因果关系的影响进行了研究。该奖项支持的研究利用仪器的超扫描能力，通过涉及合作和竞争的二元社会互动，评估内在动机的神经相关性，作为心理需求满足与挫折的函数。超扫描也被用来评估在二元社会环境中基于EEG的性能监测措施的差异。研究探讨在何种程度上HD-tES目标奖励处理和性能监控源可以用来调节内在动机和合作，以及任务性能在合作与竞争的二元社会互动。简而言之，该奖项所支持的研究整合了HD-EEG，超扫描，HD-tES方法，旨在更好地理解奖励处理和社会环境中人类行为表现监测中涉及的神经系统之间的因果关系。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响进行评估，被认为值得支持审查标准。

This National Science Foundation Major Research Instrumentation award funds the acquisition of a high-density electroencephalogram (HD-EEG) system with high-density transcranial electric stimulation (HD-tES) neuromodulation technology and time-locked dual acquisition capabilities at Northern Michigan University (NMU). EEG is a non-invasive measure of the brain’s electrical activity with excellent (millisecond level) temporal resolution. Neuromodulation with HD-tES offers a non-invasive method of experimentally manipulating brain activity with high precision to assess the causal link between neural activation and human behavior. When two (or more) EEG devices are time-locked this method, known as hyperscanning, allows for insight into the neural mechanisms underlying social interactions. The instrumentation supported by this award is an integrated system with HD-EEG, hyperscanning EEG, and HD-tES functionality. Northern Michigan University, NMU, is a rural predominantly undergraduate institution with a large number of first-generation and low-income students. The instrumentation supported by this award will significantly enhance the research environment at NMU and in doing so provide critical training opportunities for underrepresented undergraduate students in innovative and emergent neuroscience techniques. The research supported by this award integrates across HD-EEG, hyperscanning, and HD-tES methodologies—representing a new frontier in human neuroscience research that has the potential to transform the field by testing for cause and effect brain-behavior relationships in dyadic social environments. This award supports collaborative research projects involving faculty and undergraduate students in the areas of affective and cognitive neuroscience as well as social-cogniton, behavioral, and applied fields of psychology. EEG based measures of reward processing have been extensively studied in the context of adaptive and maladaptive behavior. Yet, the underlying neural generator of these reward-based EEG signals remains a point of contention. The instrumentation supported by this award provides a unique opportunity to electrically stimulate potential neural generators via HD-tES and assess the causal effects of neuromodulation on EEG measures of reward processing. The causal effects of neuromodulation on reward processing are studied in multiple contexts including simple bidding tasks, cognitive training protocols, and operant renewal paradigms modeling relapse behavior. The research supported by this award utilizes the hyperscanning capabilities of the instrumentation to assess the neural correlates of intrinsic motivation as a function of psychological need fulfillment vs frustration via dyadic social interactions involving cooperation and competition. Hyperscanning is also used to assess differences in EEG-based measures of performance-monitoring in dyadic social environments. Studies explore the extent to which HD-tES targeting of reward processing and performance monitoring sources can be used to modulate intrinsic motivation and cooperation as well as task performance in cooperative vs competitive dyadic social interactions. In short, the research enabled by this award integrates across HD-EEG, hyperscanning, and HD-tES methodologies with the aim of better understanding the cause and effect relationship between the neural systems involved in reward processing and performance monitoring on human behavior in social contextsThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.