Das Verstehen von Relativsätzen bei Sprachgesunden und Aphasikern

该项目研究了正常和失语语言理解过程中关系从句的加工过程。一个关键的问题是，在理解句法上无歧义和局部有歧义的关系从句的同时，句法因素和非句法因素的交互作用如何决定加工的复杂性。在句法上，关系代词作为移动成分与其轨迹之间的关系起着核心作用。在文献中，这种先行-踪迹关系的构型性质被认为是为了解释在处理关系从句时与初始主语或初始宾语的差异。这一假设的有效性将由该项目进行评估。首先，将考虑一个额外的句法属性，即宾语类型(宾格、与格或介词宾语)。其次，该项目考察了德语语料库中的几种语义语用特征(有生命性、代词NP与非代词NP、信息结构)以及不同关系从句类型的出现频率。该项目将获得所需的语料库数据，并将采用不同的方法，如阅读时间测量、句子与图片的匹配以及可接受性判断，来考察上述因素的交互作用。该方法既考虑了无歧义句子的复杂性，又考虑了局部歧义关系从句的句法偏好。通过对未受损和失语症参与者的紧密连锁实验，该项目提供了对理解关系从句所涉及的心理过程的差异化分析。

The project VER investigates the processing of relative clauses during normal as well as aphasic language comprehension. A crucial question is how processing complexity is determined by the interaction of syntactic and non-syntactic factors while understanding syntactically unambiguous and locally ambiguous relative clauses. Syntactically, the relation between the relative pronoun as a moved element and its trace plays a central role. In the literature, configurational properties of this antecedent-trace relation have been argued to account for differences in processing relative clauses with an initial subject or an initial object. The validity of this assumption will be assessed by the project. First, an additional syntactic property, namely the object type (accusative, dative or prepositional object), will be considered. Second, the project examines several semantic-pragmatic properties (animacy, pronominal versus non-pronominal NP, information structure) as well as the frequencies of different relative clause types in German corpora. The required corpus data will be obtained within the project.Different methods such as reading time measures, sentence-to-picture matching as well as acceptability judgments will be applied to investigate the interaction of the mentioned factors. Both the complexity of unambiguous sentences and syntactic preferences for locally ambiguous relative clauses are taken into account. By tightly interlocking experiments with unimpaired and aphasic participants, the project provides a differentiated analysis of the mental processes involved in comprehending relative clauses.