Reason Relations, Argumentation, and Conditionals: Applying Ranking Theory to Psychology of Reasoning

该项目包括理论和实证工作的混合体。该项目的一个重要目标是在排名理论和实验心理学之间建立联系。该项目的一个子目标是找到一种从条件句的排名理论方法中得出定量预测的方法，与条件句的假设理论相比，该方法强调了在自然语言条件句的语义中，先行词与结果词的认知关联性所起的核心作用。另一个子目标是运行探索性实验，这些实验使用推理心理学中既定的实验范式，但引入了关于认知相关性的操纵。在条件句的实证研究中，这是一种尝试，目的是促使人们对先行词与结果词之间的关联性进行全面的重新定位。该项目的最后一个子目标将是将排名理论的规范基础转化为罗伯特·布兰登著作中描述的记分实践。这个项目的最后部分是为了试图根据推理心理学中的合理性辩论来重新思考排名理论的规范基础。其观点是，可以利用排名理论的认识论工具来解释布兰登著作中给予和询问理由的语用学的规范模型，目的是为了制定一个实验任务，有助于认知心理学最近对论证心理学的定位。在不同的方面，该项目与DFG优先计划新合理性框架内的现有项目“测试和扩展日常条件推理的双源模型”以及将被探索的其他项目提案有系统的联系。

The project consists of a mixture of theoretical and empirical work. An important goal of the project is to establish a connection between ranking theory and experimental psychology. One subgoal of the project consists in finding a way of deriving quantitative predictions from the ranking theoretic approach to conditionals, which, in contrast to the suppositional theory of conditionals, emphasizes the central role played by the epistemic relevance of the antecedent for the consequent in the semantics of natural language conditionals. A further subgoal consist in running exploratory experiments that use established experimental paradigms from the psychology of reasoning, but introduce a manipulation with respect to that epistemic relevance. This is an attempt to motivate a general reorientation towards the relevance of the antecedent for the consequent in the empirical study of conditionals. A final subgoal of the project will consist in work on transposing the normative foundation of ranking theory to the scorekeeping practice described in the works of Robert Brandom. This final part of the project is motivated by an attempt to rethink the normative basis of ranking theory in light of the rationality debates in psychology of reasoning. The idea is that the normative model of the pragmatics of giving and asking for reasons in the work of Brandom can be explicated by using the epistemological tools of ranking theory for the purpose of formulating an experimental task that can contribute to the recent orientation towards psychology of argumentation in cognitive psychology. At various points, the project has systematic connections to the existing project 'Testing and extending a dual-source model of everyday conditional reasoning' within the DFG priority program New Frameworks of Rationality as well as to other project proposals, which will be explored.