GRK 522: The Concept of Experience in European Religion and Theory of Religion and Its Influence on the Self-Understanding of Non-Western Religions

GRK 522：欧洲宗教中的经验概念和宗教理论及其对非西方宗教自我理解的影响

• 批准号: 272763
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Hochschule für Philosophie München
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Training Groups
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-31 至 2004-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/272763?language=en
• 关键词: GRK; 522; Concept; Experience; European

There are two main reasons why contemporary philosophy of religion is so interested in the concept of religious experience. The first is theproblem of religious pluralism. Can a philosophical inquiry intoreligious experience - above all the mystical traditions of thedifferent world religions - show that at the heart of all religionsthere lies an experience that is fundamentally one? The second reasonresults from the the situation of the philosophy of religion after Hume and Kant. The rationalistic tradition critized by them was centred around the proofs for God's existence; but now the concept of experience is seen as having central importance for the interpretation and justification of religious belief.The purpose of the proposed research project is to take up thisdiscussion. It aims to clarify the significance of experience forreligion and the function of the concept of experience in the differentforms of reflection on religion. From an interdisciplinary viewpoint, the project can be divided into two main sections. First: An inquiry into the diverse terminology of experience which - through religious testimonies, theology, and the philososphy and psychology of religion - has been developed in the European (including the whole Anglo-American) tradition since antiquity. This inquiry has a systematic intention: to clarify the function both of the different forms of experience for religion as lived, and of the complex terminolgy of experience for religion as reflected upon. Second: An investigation of the influence of the European terminology of experience on the way non-western religions see themselves. To do this requires asking (a) what the function of the concepts in this process of reception has been and (b) how and why it is changing. From this conclusions will emerge concerning the different ways religions see themselves and concerning the mutual understanding of religions. The example of Hinduism and Buddhism is especially important for this investigation, since these religions, through their various techniques of meditation, have exerted a considerable influence on Europe.

当代宗教哲学之所以对宗教经验的概念如此感兴趣，主要有两个原因。首先是宗教多元化的问题。对宗教经验--尤其是世界上不同宗教的神秘传统--的哲学探究能否表明，在所有宗教的核心，都有一种从根本上说是一体的经验？第二个原因是休谟、康德之后的宗教哲学状况造成的。他们所批判的理性主义传统是以证明上帝存在为中心的;但现在经验的概念被视为对宗教信仰的解释和辩护具有核心重要性。拟议的研究项目的目的就是讨论这个问题。旨在阐明经验对于宗教的意义以及经验概念在不同形式的宗教反思中的作用。从跨学科的角度来看，该项目可分为两个主要部分。第一个：通过宗教见证、神学、宗教哲学和宗教心理学，探究自古以来在欧洲（包括整个英美）传统中发展起来的各种经验术语。这种探究有一个系统的意图：澄清生活中的宗教的不同形式的经验的功能，以及反思后的宗教的经验的复杂术语。第二，考察欧洲经验术语对非西方宗教看待自己的方式的影响。要做到这一点，就需要问：（a）概念在这个接受过程中的作用是什么;（B）它是如何变化的，以及为什么变化。从这一点可以得出结论，关于不同宗教看待自己的不同方式，以及关于宗教之间的相互理解。印度教和佛教的例子对本研究特别重要，因为这些宗教通过其各种冥想技巧对欧洲产生了相当大的影响。