Comprehension and decision based modeling of cooperation behavior between drivers in dynamic traffic situations and its methodological foundations - CoMove

在优先项目“合作互动汽车”的第一阶段，前一个项目侧重于情景理解的认知过程，这代表了驾驶员在动态的、潜在的关键交通情况下启动合作的基础。我们的目标是在深入了解驾驶员如何识别交通冲突以及如何解决这些冲突的认知过程的基础上，为创建一个值得信赖、可理解和可接受的自动化系统创建一个经验验证的基础。后续项目CoMove的主要目标是调查和模拟驾驶员在更复杂的交通情况下相互合作的行为过程，并开发和验证描述和评估动态合作行为的新方法。因此，在沟通和合作过程中，当几个驾驶员协调他们的行动，同时合作执行机动时，对决策过程的调查现在是实证调查和建模活动的重点。从上一个项目中获得的可接受和非可接受的合作解决方案策略的结果开始，我们将研究驾驶员之间的行动协调如何作为情境特征的函数发展，驾驶员根据观察到的其他驾驶员的行为沟通信号做出哪些决策，驾驶员执行哪些行动以表示合作意愿和合作需求，驾驶员的性格和状态等特征如何影响驾驶员之间的合作。影响这些过程，以及用哪些方法可以描述这些协调过程。我们还将考虑合作伙伴之间的协调不成功或不理想的情况。这些实证研究的目标是获得关于协调过程的详细知识，作为创建协作交互汽车的行动规划策略的基础，这些策略对于周围的人类驾驶员来说既可理解又可预测，因为它们反映了熟悉的人类行为和交互策略，并允许自动车辆安全有效地解决与人类驾驶员的交通冲突。

In the first phase of the Priority Program "Cooperatively interacting automobiles" the predecessor project focussed on the cognitive processes of situation comprehension that represent the basis for the initiation of cooperation between drivers in dynamic, potentially critical traffic situations. The goal was to create an empirically validated basis for the creation of a trustworthy, comprehensible, and acceptable automation on the basis of a deep understanding of these cognitive processes that determine how drivers identify conflicts in traffic and how they come to a solution for these conflicts. The major goals of the follow-up project CoMove are to investigate and model the course of action when drivers cooperate with each other in more complex traffic situations and the development and validation of new methods for describing and evaluating dynamic cooperation behaviour. Accordingly, the investigation of decision making processes in the course of communication and cooperation processes when several drivers coordinate their actions while cooperatively executing manoeuvers are now in the focus of both empirical investigations and modelling activities. Starting from results on accepted and non-accepted cooperative solution strategies gained in the predecessor project we will investigate how action coordination between drivers develops as a function of situational characteristics, which decisions drivers make as reaction to observed behavioural communication signals from other drivers, which actions drivers execute to signal willingness to cooperate and need for cooperation, how driver characteristics, such as personality and driver state, influence these processes, and with which methods these coordination processes can be described. We will also consider situations where the coordination between partners is not successful or optimal. The goal of these empirical investigations is to gain detailed knowledge about the coordination processes as a basis for the creation of action planning strategies of cooperatively interacting automobiles that are both comprehensible and predictable for the surrounding human drivers as they reflect familiar human behaviour and interaction strategies, and that allow automated vehicles to solve traffic conflicts with human drivers safely and efficiently.