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Towards a framework for predicting arctic food web response to global climate change

建立预测北极食物网对全球气候变化反应的框架

基本信息

批准号：
276770396
负责人：
Dr. Bernhard Eitzinger
金额：
--
依托单位：
Spatial Foodweb Ecology Group
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2014-12-31 至 2017-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/276770396?language=en
关键词：
Towards framework predicting arctic food

项目摘要

The climate of the Arctic is currently changing faster than that of any other part of the globe. While impacts at the population level are increasingly well described, we know little about changes at the level of trophic interactions among populations, and of resultant changes in food web structure. Such changes have been hypothesized to affect the stability, dynamics and functioning of arctic communities. Of particular concern are changes in the food web modules dominating the Arctic in terms of both biomass and diversity, i.e. the arthropods. Despite their presumed contribution to ecosystem functioning, trophic interactions between arctic arthropods have so far been largely neglected. Within high-arctic food webs, wolf spiders maintain a rare role as arthropod top predators. With changes in populations at lower trophic levels, these spiders are then expected to be massively affected by arctic change - with effects percolating across the webs. Studies of trophic interactions between these spiders and other parts of the food web may therefore offer key insights into the community- and ecosystem-level effects of arctic change. In this project, I will use novel techniques to expose key mechanisms linking environmental change to food web structure and dynamics. In particular, I will quantify the feeding ecology of wolf spiders by combining DNA-based molecular faeces analysis and functional response models. To ground-truth the resultant models, I will quantify local food web structure along an altitude gradient, chosen to represent variation in microclimatic conditions as predicted by IPCC climate scenarios. Overall, I expect this combination of cutting-edge molecular techniques, parameterised functional models and empirical quantifications of food web structure to offer a fundamentally new approach to understanding the functional consequences of arctic change.

北极的气候目前变化比地球仪的任何其他地方都要快。虽然在人口水平的影响越来越好地描述，我们知道的变化在人口之间的营养相互作用的水平，并在食物网结构的变化。据推测，这种变化会影响北极社区的稳定、动态和功能。特别令人关切的是在生物量和多样性方面主导北极的食物网模块，即节肢动物的变化。尽管它们被认为对生态系统功能有贡献，但北极节肢动物之间的营养相互作用迄今为止在很大程度上被忽视了。在高北极食物网中，狼蛛作为节肢动物的顶级捕食者保持着罕见的角色。随着较低营养水平的种群变化，这些蜘蛛预计将受到北极变化的巨大影响-影响遍及整个网络。因此，对这些蜘蛛和食物网其他部分之间营养相互作用的研究可能为北极变化对社区和生态系统水平的影响提供关键见解。在这个项目中，我将使用新的技术来揭示环境变化与食物网结构和动态之间的关键机制。特别是，我将通过结合基于DNA的分子粪便分析和功能反应模型来量化狼蛛的摄食生态。为了使所得到的模型真实可靠，我将量化当地食物网结构沿着海拔梯度，选择代表IPCC气候情景预测的小气候条件的变化。总的来说，我希望这种尖端的分子技术，参数化的功能模型和食物网结构的经验量化的结合，提供一个从根本上新的方法来理解北极变化的功能后果。