权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

The Birth of Geoengineering. Large-scale Building Projects in the Early Stage of the Anthropocene (1850-1950)

地球工程学的诞生。

基本信息

批准号：
289864306
负责人：
Professor Dr. Helmuth Trischler, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Deutsches Museum (DM)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/289864306?language=en
关键词：
Birth Geoengineering.Large scale Building

项目摘要

The debate about the Anthropocene has gone beyond the scope of the geological discourse and meanwhile become a widely discussed concept in the cultural and social sciences that poses the challenge to rethink the relation of environment and society and the blurring boarders between nature and culture. Even though first attempts of the productive implementation of the concept in historical scholarship are on hand by now, its heuristic and analytical potential is scarcely sounded out. How does the Anthropocene perspective change the temporal narratives of historical writing and how do the different discussed proposals for a periodization of the Anthropocene retroact to the concepts of environmental history, history of science and technology, and global history? One of the most recent discourses closely connected with the Anthropocene debates are those about Geoengineering. Even though the visions of forming the world are much older, the possibility to shape parts of the earth systems, and thereby also the climate system, started in the early stage of the Anthropocene (1850-1950), when millions of years old natural formations were pierced by large-scale engineering projects; this is where the awareness of the tremendous human agency becomes visible for the first time. These early projects also fueled the reflections and histories of control over nature, the hope of cheap energy for everyone, but also of failed investments, and deadly catastrophes, which today provide an important basis for a critical debate about Climate Engineering. Based on a wider definition of Geoengineering as large-scale human transformation of parts of the geosphere, in this project a global selection of large-scale engineering projects will serve as a lense to uncover the birth of Geoengineering, its preconditions, impacts, and perceptions. Geoengineering projects like the piercing of large mountain ranges through railway tunnels, the construction of sea canals, and huge dam constructions were the early flagship ventures of humankind's attempts to change the geomorphological appearance of the earth. A global selection of these enterprises will be used as case studies to shed light on the historical structures of the early stage of the Anthropocene. The project, which oscillates along environmental history, history of science and technology, and global history tries to illuminate the heuristic and analytical potential of the Anthropocene and to align the framework in which the historization and periodization of the concept takes place.

关于人类世的争论已经超出了地质学的讨论范围，同时成为文化和社会科学中广泛讨论的概念，这对重新思考环境与社会的关系以及自然与文化之间模糊的边界提出了挑战。尽管到目前为止，在历史研究中对这一概念的富有成效的实施进行了初步尝试，但其启发性和分析性的潜力却几乎没有被挖掘出来。人类世的视角如何改变历史写作的时间叙述，以及如何讨论人类世分期的不同建议，以追溯环境史，科学技术史和全球史的概念？与人类世辩论密切相关的最新话语之一是关于地球工程的。尽管形成世界的愿景要古老得多，但塑造地球系统的一部分，从而也塑造气候系统的可能性，始于人类世的早期阶段（1850-1950年），当时数百万年的自然形成被大规模的工程项目所穿透;这是对人类巨大力量的认识第一次变得可见。这些早期的项目也推动了对自然控制的反思和历史，希望每个人都能获得廉价能源，但也有失败的投资和致命的灾难，这些都为今天关于气候工程的关键辩论提供了重要基础。基于地球工程的更广泛的定义，即人类对地球圈部分地区的大规模改造，在本项目中，全球范围内的大型工程项目将作为一个平台，揭示地球工程的诞生，其前提条件，影响和看法。地球工程项目，如穿过铁路隧道的大型山脉，海洋运河的建设和巨大的水坝建设是人类试图改变地球地貌外观的早期旗舰企业。这些企业的全球选择将被用作案例研究，以阐明人类世早期阶段的历史结构。该项目沿着环境史、科学技术史和全球史振荡，试图阐明人类世的启发性和分析潜力，并调整概念的历史化和分期的框架。