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DFG-RSF: Quantum interferometry with interacting electronic systems

DFG-RSF：交互电子系统的量子干涉测量

基本信息

批准号：
310039433
负责人：
Professor Dr. Alexander Mirlin
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Theorie der Kondensierten Materie (TKM)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/310039433?language=en
关键词：
DFG RSF Quantum interferometry interacting

项目摘要

Impressive recent progress in electronics is largely due to the use of low-dimensional nanostructures such as quantum wells, quantum wires and rings, as well as due to the continuous miniaturization of electronic devices down to nanoscales. Physics at these scales is governed by quantum coherence and quantum interference effects as well as by the effects of electron-electron interaction. Interference is a mechanism for manifestation of quantum-coherent phenomena and at the same time a tool to probe coherence.The goal of this project is to investigate how strong electron-electron interactions transform the phenomenon of quantum interference. The common wisdom is that interaction causes dephasing, thus reducing the visibility of interference patterns. Yet on the other hand, interaction gives rise to new, emerging degrees of freedom, which, in turn, can interfere. We plan to investigate novel quantum systems of four types: I) Interference in Aharonov-Bohm setups with strong interaction; II) Interferometers based on split Cooper pairs; III) Interference circuits built out of edge modes in topological matter; IV) Interference, braiding and decoherence in spin (qubit) systems with zero-energy Majorana bound states. All these systems can find practical applications. For example, tiny SQUIDs of dimensions smaller than the coherence length might soon be needed in quantum-information circuits. On the other hand, our project will address the fundamental questions of many-body quantum world, e.g., the physics of many-body localization in strongly interacting disordered systems. This is a cooperation DFG-RSF project in the framework of the call for joint German-Russian project proposals in the field of physics and mathematics. The project will be carried out in collaboration with the research team of the Landau Institute for Theoretical Physics (ITP). Combination of the expertise of the KIT and ITP teams should lead to a synergy effect ensuring the best possible implementation of the project.

电子学的最新进展令人印象深刻，主要是由于使用低维纳米结构，如量子威尔斯，量子线和环，以及由于电子器件不断小型化到纳米尺度。这些尺度的物理学受量子相干和量子干涉效应以及电子-电子相互作用的影响。干涉是量子相干现象的表现机制，同时也是探测相干性的工具。本项目的目标是研究强电子-电子相互作用如何改变量子干涉现象。普遍的看法是，相互作用会导致失相，从而降低干涉图样的可见度。然而，另一方面，相互作用产生了新的、正在出现的自由度，这反过来又会干扰。我们计划研究四种类型的新量子系统：I）Aharonov-Bohm系统中的强相互作用干涉; II）基于分裂库珀对的干涉仪; III）拓扑物质中边缘模式的干涉电路; IV）零能量Majorana束缚态自旋（量子位）系统中的干涉，编织和退相干。所有这些系统都可以找到实际应用。例如，在量子信息电路中，可能很快就需要尺寸小于相干长度的微小SQUID。另一方面，我们的项目将解决多体量子世界的基本问题，例如，在强相互作用的无序系统中多体定域的物理学。这是DFG-RSF在呼吁德国-俄罗斯在物理和数学领域联合项目提案框架内的合作项目。该项目将与朗道理论物理研究所（ITP）的研究小组合作开展。将知识、创新和技术小组的专门知识与投资、技术和方案小组的专门知识结合起来，应能产生协同效应，确保尽可能最好地执行项目。