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Analysis of diversity effects on above-ground productivity in forests: advancing the mechanistic understanding of spatio-temporal dynamics in canopy space filling using mobile laser scanning

分析多样性对森林地上生产力的影响：利用移动激光扫描推进对冠层空间填充时空动态的机制理解

基本信息

批准号：
320926971
负责人：
Professor Dr. Hans-Gerd Maas
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Allgemeine Ökologie und Umweltschutz
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/320926971?language=en
关键词：
Analysis diversity effects above ground

项目摘要

Woody biomass storage and productivity are key ecosystem functions in forests, and it has often been shown that they are positively influenced by tree diversity. Recent work suggests an improved canopy space filling in diverse forests, achieved by means of two different mechanisms: interspecific architectural complementarity of crowns and intraspecific crown plasticity. However, whether or not this results in greater levels of ecosystem functioning, and how it changes through space and time remains unclear. Main aim of the research project is to analyse the underlying mechanisms of diversity effects on above-ground wood volume and productivity in natural forests using data from mobile laser scanning (MLS). MLS is a non-destructive sequential measurement technique that delivers high-resolution three-dimensional (3D) point clouds of the observed objects. Although only few studies of MLS recording for vegetation sampling exist, they demonstrate a strong potential for the use in forest biodiversity-ecosystem functioning (BEF) research. This is strongly supported by a pilot study which we conducted in a structurally complex and species-rich forest in northern Germany. MLS data provide very detailed and precise information on individual-tree biomass allocation and crown architecture, effectively recorded over large areas. The main limitation for a widespread use of MLS in forest BEF research is the lack of methods for automatic individual-tree segmentation and species identification, and for the precise quantification of canopy space filling and spatio-temporal dynamics in tree-tree interactions for space in the canopy. Thus, our proposed project has two main goals: to resolve current methodological constraints preventing a widespread use of MLS in forest BEF research and to develop methods by which MLS data can be used to directly tease apart the mechanisms underlying diversity effects in forests.

木本生物量储量和生产力是森林生态系统的关键功能，研究表明它们受到树木多样性的积极影响。最近的研究表明，通过两种不同的机制：种间树冠的建筑互补性和种内树冠的可塑性，可以改善不同森林的冠层空间填充。然而，这是否会导致更高水平的生态系统功能，以及它如何随着空间和时间而变化，目前尚不清楚。该研究项目的主要目的是利用移动激光扫描（MLS）的数据分析多样性对天然林地上木材量和生产力影响的潜在机制。MLS是一种非破坏性的连续测量技术，可提供观察对象的高分辨率三维（3D）点云。虽然MLS记录用于植被采样的研究很少，但它们在森林生物多样性-生态系统功能（BEF）研究中具有很大的应用潜力。我们在德国北部一个结构复杂、物种丰富的森林中进行的一项试点研究有力地支持了这一点。MLS数据提供了非常详细和精确的单树生物量分配和树冠结构信息，有效地记录了大面积的数据。在森林BEF研究中广泛应用MLS的主要限制是缺乏自动的单树分割和物种识别方法，以及对冠层空间填充和树-树空间相互作用时空动态的精确量化。因此，我们提出的项目有两个主要目标：解决目前阻碍MLS在森林BEF研究中广泛使用的方法限制，并开发方法，通过MLS数据可以直接梳理森林多样性效应的潜在机制。