Intracellular particle transport: life in crowded and active networks

细胞内颗粒运输：拥挤而活跃的网络中的生命

• 批准号: 329436529
• 负责人: Dr. Tatjana Sentjabrskaja
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Physik der weichen Materie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Fellowships
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/329436529?language=en
• 关键词: Intracellular; particle; transport; life; crowded

Intracellular particle transport is paramount for keeping up the well-orchestratedmachinery of life in living cells. Therefore there is a long-standing interest shared by cell biologists and biophysicists in unraveling the underlying physical mechanisms. The main aim of this project is to understand how non-equilibrium activity and crowding influence together the complex transport of tracer particles in the cellular cytoplasm. More specifically, I propose to use a reconstituted biomimetic cytoskeletal model system from a minimal set of cellular components to gain a quantitative understanding of the ramifications of passive and active, motor-driven physical processes in the cytoskeleton on diffusive motion of tracer particles.To achieve a characterisation of the dynamics over a wide range of time and length scales, I will rely on a recently developed measurement technique known as Differential Dynamic Microscopy (DDM), which is a powerful combination of advanced imaging and concepts of light-scattering. The technique circumvents a series of limitations of more traditional methods such as single-particle tracking and conventional light scattering, and I have recently adapted recently to dense strongly interacting colloidal soft matter systems. Hence, extending this novel technique also to crowded multicomponent biological systems to gain detailed spatio-temporal information has become feasible. This interdisciplinary project will therefore open up a new research field in biophysics while at the same time allowing me to broaden my background in soft matter physics to encompass biologically relevant systems.

在活细胞中，细胞内粒子运输对于维持生命的良好组织机制至关重要。因此，长期以来，细胞生物学家和生物物理学家对揭示潜在的物理机制有着共同的兴趣。本项目的主要目的是了解非平衡活性和拥挤如何共同影响示踪颗粒在细胞质中的复杂运输。更具体地说，我建议从最小的细胞成分集中使用重建的仿生细胞骨架模型系统，以定量理解细胞骨架中被动和主动、电机驱动的物理过程对示踪颗粒扩散运动的影响。为了在大范围的时间和长度尺度上实现动力学的表征，我将依靠最近开发的测量技术，即差分动态显微镜（DDM），这是先进成像和光散射概念的有力结合。这项技术绕过了传统方法的一系列限制，比如单粒子跟踪和传统的光散射，我最近适应了密集的强相互作用的胶体软物质系统。因此，将这种新技术扩展到拥挤的多组分生物系统中以获得详细的时空信息是可行的。因此，这个跨学科项目将为生物物理学开辟一个新的研究领域，同时使我能够扩大我在软物质物理学方面的背景，以涵盖与生物相关的系统。