Yucatec Maya: Variation in Space and Time

尤卡坦玛雅：空间和时间的变化

• 批准号: 351341171
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stavros Skopeteas
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Centro Peninsular En Humanidades Y Ciencias Sociales
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/351341171?language=en
• 关键词: Yucatec; Maya; Variation; Space; Time

Linguistic variation is crucial for our understanding of the dynamic processes that manifest themselves in language use. The development of varieties along different dimensions such as time, geographical or social space reflects different communicative practices of a speech community. Varying linguistic properties are the source of language change while dependencies between them contribute to our understanding of linguistic structures.The aim of this project is to study variation in the indigenous Mexican language Yucatec Maya with a focus on the spatial dispersion of the language and the current developments in language use. The investigation of variation in well-studied languages such as English, Swedish or German has considerably advanced with the creation of databases, atlases and computational tools and theoretical models. A large-scale study on a language such as Yucatec Maya promises a significant contribution to the understanding of variation in two respects: (a) it will offer insights about the amount of variation that arises if a language is mainly used in oral communication; (b) it will contribute to our understanding of the impact of the transformational processes in modern societies (especially urbanization and generalized bilingualism) on the situation of indigenous languages.This project will compile a large-scale data collection of a sample of lexical and grammatical features in a sample of rural and urban settlements of currently spoken Yucatec Maya. It will identify dialectal variants, it will create a detailed atlas, and will draw conclusions about the existence and dispersion of varieties in geographical space. The comparison between rural and urban settlements will offer insights about developments in the time axis, such as the recent creation of regiolects in urban centers and/or the impact of generalized bilingualism. The use of current dialectometric methods will allow for precise estimations of the relations between varieties.In order to understand the roots of variation, the project will investigate the relations between variants in selected phonetic, phonological and syntactic phenomena. The planned studies are devoted to core properties of Yucatec Maya that are in the focus of the current research. At the phonetics/phonology level, we will study the variation in the realization of ejectives, lexical tones, as well as the alignment of enclitics with prosodic domains. In syntax, we will investigate basic word order patterns and argument-focus constructions. These studies are expected to shed light on the linguistic structures that determine the observed variation.This agenda is expected to make a contribution to the current research on variation by combining knowledge from several research paradigms, including sociolinguistics, dialectometry, studies on micro-variation in phonology and syntax.

语言变异对于我们理解语言使用中表现出来的动态过程至关重要。变体在时间、地理或社会空间等不同维度上的沿着发展，反映了一个言语群体不同的交际实践。不同的语言属性是语言变化的根源，而它们之间的依赖关系有助于我们理解语言结构。本项目的目的是研究土著墨西哥语尤卡坦玛雅语的变异，重点是语言的空间分散和语言使用的当前发展。随着数据库、地图集、计算工具和理论模型的建立，对英语、瑞典语或德语等语言变异的研究取得了相当大的进展。对诸如尤卡坦玛雅语这样的语言进行大规模的研究，有望在两个方面对理解变异做出重大贡献：（a）它将提供关于如果一种语言主要用于口头交流时所产生的变异量的见解;（B）它将有助于我们理解现代社会转型过程的影响该项目将汇编一个大规模的数据集，收集目前使用尤卡坦玛雅语的农村和城市住区的词汇和语法特征样本。它将确定方言变体，它将创建一个详细的地图集，并将得出关于地理空间中变体的存在和分布的结论。农村和城市住区之间的比较将提供有关时间轴发展的见解，例如最近在城市中心创建区域语言和/或广义双语的影响。使用现有的方言计量方法将能够精确估计变体之间的关系，为了了解变异的根源，该项目将调查选定的语音、音韵和句法现象中变体之间的关系。计划中的研究致力于尤卡坦玛雅人的核心特性，这些特性是当前研究的焦点。在语音学/音系学层面，我们将研究在实现的变化，喷射词，词汇音调，以及对齐的enclitics与韵律域。在句法方面，我们将研究基本的语序模式和论元焦点结构。这些研究将有助于揭示决定变异的语言结构，并将社会语言学、方言测量学、语音学和句法学等研究范式的知识结合起来，为当前的变异研究做出贡献。