Persian in the Ottoman Empire, as reflected in selected farhangs (dictionaries) of the 15-18th century: a cultural ‚transottoman configuration‘

从11到19世纪，波斯语是一个重要的和高度影响力的语言文学，教育，部分也是行政和外交，在大部分地区的东方伊斯兰世界。波斯语作为一种文学语言和弗兰卡的动态和传播，以及它令人惊讶的活力和连续性，还没有得到充分的研究。从16世纪上半叶的波斯-突厥语词典中，选择了一组定义明确的主要来源，以研究波斯语作为一种弗兰卡的重要性和发展。在第一个项目阶段，研究、编辑和翻译了1460年至1600年期间编写的26部词典的序言和共音。对词典作者之间的相互关系和依赖关系以及他们的动机和目标有了一致的认识，可以勾勒出一个半世纪以来语言和文化知识的发展及其转移，后续项目将扩大该项目的来源基础、问题和目标。在第一阶段研究成果的基础上，可以更加准确、具体地确定第二阶段工作过程的目标和步骤。研究的重点不再是辞书的序言，而是辞书的正文。除波斯语和土耳其语外，词典中的阿拉伯语部分也将系统地列入。300个词，对词典的相互关系和相互依赖性进行统计研究。从这个数据库，CA。将选择30-40个单词进行更详细的语言学分析，目的是研究波斯语、突厥语和阿拉伯语三种语言之间复杂的相互关系，同时也研究词汇的语义发展和概念史术语。此外，本研究将选取较少数量的词典来研究语法知识的发展。

From the 11 to 19 century, Persian was an important and highly influential language of literature, education, partly also of administration and diplomacy, in large regions of the Eastern Islamic World. The dynamics and dispersion of Persian as a language of literature, and a lingua franca, and its surprising vitality and continuity, have not yet been studied sufficiently.With Persian-Turkic dictionaries from the first half of the 16th century, a well-defined group of primary sources is selected, so as to study the importance and development of Persian as a lingua franca. During the 1st project phase, the prefaces and colophones of 26 dictionaries that had been composed between 1460 and 1600, were studied, edited and translated. A consistent picture of interrelations and dependencies between the authors of the dictionaries, and of their motivations and aims, was attained, and a development of linguistic and cultural knowledge, and its transfer over one and a half centuries, could be sketched.The follow-up project will broaden the source basis, the questions and aims of the project. Based upon the results of the first project phase, the aims and the steps of the working process of the second phase can be defined more exactly and concretely. The focus of the study is no longer on the prefaces, but on the dictionaries' main text now. In addition to Persian and Turkish, the Arabic elements contained in the dictionaries will also be included systematically.Based upon a data base of ca. 300 words, the interrelations and interdepencies of the dictionaries will be investigated statistically. From this data base, ca. 30-40 words will be selected for a more detailed philological analysis, with the aim to study the complex interrelation of the three languages Persian, Turkic, and Arabic, but also to study semantic developments of lexemes, and terms of conceptual history. Besides, a smaller number of dictionaries will be selected to study the development of grammatical knowledge.