An ethnographic study of fandom communities in Japan and US

这项研究旨在揭开一种由日本和美国的极端粉丝和专家组成的亚文化的神秘面纱，这种亚文化被称为Fandom，他们真正沉迷于漫画和动漫的数字内容。日本是许多业余同行活动的发源地。Fandom是一个以年轻人为主导的小众市场，其基础是DIY和反商业的数字创作伦理。虽然没有正式的评价和等级制度，但粉丝们对他们的产品的质量标准有着高度的意识。粉丝圈活动和粉丝专用的在线网络是交流信息和相互学习消费和生产的宝贵场所。在本研究中，我基于对日本和美国粉丝的采访和实地调查，讨论了粉丝社区的各种文化习俗。我将详细讨论以下几个方面：(1)作为野火活动的同人文化的横向学习(2)同人文化之间的经济消费与非商业交流的关系。

This study seeks to demystify one of a subculture of extreme Japanese and US fans and mavens known as Fandom who get really into digital contents from manga and anime. Japan is home to numerous amateur peer productive events. Fandom is a youth-dominated niche grounded in a DIY and anticommercial ethic of digital creation. Although not characterized by formal forms of evaluation and hierarchy, fandom people, are highly conscious of quality standards for their productions. Fandom events and dedicated online networks for fans are a valuable venue for exchanging information and learning from each other about consumption and production. In this study, I discuss various cultural practices characterizing the fandom community based on our interviews with Japanese and US fan people and fieldwork. I will discuss in detail the following aspects: (1)horizontal learning in fandom culture as wildfire activities (2)relationship of economic consumption and non-commercial exchange among fandom culture.