Calorie restriction associated microRNA: Possibility of biomarkers of human aging-dependent diseases

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) belong to a small, non-coding RNA family and regulate the translational process of target messenger RNAs (mRNAs). It is reported that miRNAs circulate throughout a body (as circulating miRNA, c-miRNA), and that some c-miRNA expressions are altered with the physiological condition. We investigated the function of c-miRNAs in human blood plasma and their application as a biomarker. We identified the c-miRNAs associated with hypertension and obesity by using quantitative PCR, which suggested that c-miRNAs might regulate the metabolic state among distant organs. Thus, the identification of c-miRNAs in blood plasma has a high potential use both for diagnosis and for establishing a therapeutic target among lifestyle-related diseases.