Toward breeding for disease resistance using weak alleles inducing hybrid weakness

利用弱等位基因诱导杂种弱点进行抗病育种

• 批准号: 23658010
• 负责人: TAKUMI Shigeo
• 金额: $ 2.5万
• 依托单位: Kobe University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Challenging Exploratory Research
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 2011 至 2012
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-23658010/
• 关键词: 抵抗性; 耐性; 遺伝学; 植物; 生殖隔離; 倍数性進化; 病害抵抗性

Synthetic hexaploid wheat (AABBDD genome) is produced through crossing tetraploid wheat (AABB genome) with a D-genome progenitor Aegilops tauschii, and available for common wheat breeding to introduce agronomically useful genes from Ae. tauschii. However, abnormal growth phenotypes are sometimes observed in the interspecific hybrids induced by epistatic interaction between the AB and D genomes. The objective of the present study is confirmation of increased disease resistance in synthetic hexaploids showing weak phenotype of hybrid weakness. The results revealed that the enhanced disease resistance was significantly observed in the synthetic wheat lines with weak hybrid chlorosis, although no significant difference was found between the weak hybrid chlorosis-exhibiting plants and wild-type plants in the F_2 population between the normal and hybrid chlorosis lines of synthetic wheat. These observations suggested that trade-off could be established between increase in disease resistance and inhibition of plant growth vigor, and that weak allele for the hybrid chlorosis is available for wheat breeding to produce enhanced disease-resistance varieties.

人工合成六倍体小麦(AABBDD基因组)是由四倍体小麦(AABB基因组)与节节麦D-基因组祖先杂交产生的，可用于普通小麦育种，从Ae.陶斯奇。然而，在AB和D基因组上位性互作诱导的种间杂种中，有时会观察到异常的生长表型。本研究的目的是证实人工合成的六倍体具有较强的抗病能力，表现出弱的杂交弱型。结果表明，弱黄化合成小麦品系的抗病性显著增强，而表现弱黄化杂交植株与野生型植株在正常黄化品系和杂交黄化品系的F_2群体中差异不显著。这些观察结果表明，抗病能力的增强和植物生长活力的抑制之间可以建立平衡关系，杂种黄化的弱等位基因可用于小麦抗病品种的选育。

项目成果

倍数性進化の再現系を利用したコムギ祖先野生種の多様性評価

利用多倍体进化繁殖系统评估小麦祖先野生物种的多样性

• 发表时间: 2012
• 作者: Tsugama;D.;Liu;S. and Takano;T;今井啓雄;宅見薫雄
• 通讯作者: 宅見薫雄

クロロシスを示す合成パンコムギのコムギいもち病菌に対する高い病害抵抗性

合成面包小麦对麦瘟病菌表现出黄化的高抗病性

• 发表时间: 2011
• 作者: 中野裕樹;土佐幸雄;宅見薫雄
• 通讯作者: 宅見薫雄

Dysfunction of mitotic cell division at shoot apices triggered severe growth abortion in interspecific hybrids between tetraploid wheat and Aegilops tauschii

• DOI: 10.1111/j.1469-8137.2012.04125.x
• 发表时间: 2012-06-01
• 期刊: NEW PHYTOLOGIST
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Hatano, Hitoshi;Mizuno, Nobuyuki;Takumi, Shigeo
• 通讯作者: Takumi, Shigeo

Identification of a large deletion in the first intron of a Vrn-D1 locus associated with loss of vernalization requirement in wild wheat progenitor Aegilops tauschii Coss.

鉴定出与野生小麦祖先节节山羊草春化要求丧失相关的 Vrn-D1 基因座第一个内含子中的大缺失。

• 发表时间: 2011
• 期刊: Genes and Genetic Systems
• 影响因子: 1.1
• 作者: Takumi S;Koyama K;Fujiwara K;Kobayashi F
• 通讯作者: Kobayashi F

倍数性進化の再現系を利用したコムギ多様性解析：リソースに保全された変異の顕在化

使用倍性进化繁殖系统进行小麦多样性分析：揭示资源中保守的突变

• 作者: 宅見薫雄;松岡由浩;那須田周平
• 通讯作者: 那須田周平