Studies on the skin sensitization tests and their standardization from industrial chemicals.

首先，为了规范皮肤致敏试验，采用敌菌酚、2,4-DNCB等多种工业化学品，研究了Landsteiner-Draize试验（LDT）、Buehler试验（BT）、分裂佐剂技术（SAT）和豚鼠最大化试验（GPMT）四大类试验。还在两个实验室独立地使用豚鼠最大化测试来检查皮肤测试对某些化学品的反应的再现性。从结果来看，从技术的简单性、反应的灵敏度和再现性等角度来看，GPMT 被认为是令人钦佩的。对于光敏试验，使用试验化学品DDVP对Adjuvant-Strip试验及其改进试验进行了检验。阐明了其光致敏性的中等能力，但是，需要进一步研究以标准化光敏试验。接下来，为了定量评估试验反应，使用先前实验中检查的数据对与奎尼亚猪最大化试验相关的各个项目进行评分。分析表明，对皮内和局部诱导浓度、激发局部浓度、过敏性等级和反应强度（Draize评分）等项目进行评分，并将其总分定量分为5个等级，以评价其对于皮肤致敏试验是否实用。

First of all, in order to standarize the skin sensitization test, four major kinds of tests, namely, Landsteiner-Draize test (LDT), Buehler test (BT),Split adjuvant technique (SAT) and Guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) were studies using various kinds of industrial chemicals as captafol, 2,4-DNCB and so forth. The reproducibility of reaction for the skin test to some chemicals was also examined using guinea pig maximization test at two laboratories, independently. From the results, GPMT was estimated to be admirable from such point of view as its simplicity of the technique and its sensitivity and reproducibility of the reactions. As for photo sensitization test, Adjuvant-Strip test and its modified test were examined using a test chemical, DDVP. Moderate capacity of its photo allergenicity was clarified, but, further investigations were necessary to stan- darize the photo sensitization test.Nextly, to evaluate the test reaction quantitatively, scoring for various items related to the quinea pig maximization test was undertaken using the data examined in the former experiments. From the analysis, it was clarified that to score such items as intradermal and topical concentrations for induction, topical concentrations for challenge, allergenicity ratings and intensity of reaction (Draize score) and to classify their total scores into five degrees quanititatively were evaluated to be practically useful for the skin sensitization test.