Studies on the skin sensitization tests and their standardization from industrial chemicals.

首先，为了使皮肤致敏试验标准化，我们用多种工业化学品如captafol、2，4-DNCB等对Landsteiner-Draize试验（LDT）、Buehler试验（BT）、裂解佐剂技术（SAT）和豚鼠最大剂量试验（GPMT）进行了研究。还在两个实验室独立使用豚鼠最大化试验检查了皮试对某些化学品反应的重现性。从结果来看，GPMT从技术简单、反应灵敏度和重现性的角度来看是令人钦佩的。光致敏试验用敌敌畏作试验药物，采用佐剂-试纸法及其改进法进行了研究。阐明了其光致敏性的中等能力，但需要进一步研究以规范光敏试验。其次，为了定量评价试验反应，使用先前实验中检查的数据对与quartz猪最大化试验相关的各个项目进行评分。分析表明，对诱导的皮内和局部浓度、激发的局部浓度、变应原性评级和反应强度（Draize评分）等项目进行评分，并将其总评分分为5级，评价为对皮肤致敏试验实际有用。

First of all, in order to standarize the skin sensitization test, four major kinds of tests, namely, Landsteiner-Draize test (LDT), Buehler test (BT),Split adjuvant technique (SAT) and Guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) were studies using various kinds of industrial chemicals as captafol, 2,4-DNCB and so forth. The reproducibility of reaction for the skin test to some chemicals was also examined using guinea pig maximization test at two laboratories, independently. From the results, GPMT was estimated to be admirable from such point of view as its simplicity of the technique and its sensitivity and reproducibility of the reactions. As for photo sensitization test, Adjuvant-Strip test and its modified test were examined using a test chemical, DDVP. Moderate capacity of its photo allergenicity was clarified, but, further investigations were necessary to stan- darize the photo sensitization test.Nextly, to evaluate the test reaction quantitatively, scoring for various items related to the quinea pig maximization test was undertaken using the data examined in the former experiments. From the analysis, it was clarified that to score such items as intradermal and topical concentrations for induction, topical concentrations for challenge, allergenicity ratings and intensity of reaction (Draize score) and to classify their total scores into five degrees quanititatively were evaluated to be practically useful for the skin sensitization test.