Studies on the skin sensitization tests and their standardization from industrial chemicals.

首先，为了规范皮肤致敏试验，研究了四种主要的试验，即Landsteiner-Draize试验（LDT）、Buehler试验（BT）、Split佐剂技术（SAT）和豚鼠最大化试验（GPMT），使用了各种工业化学品，如capafol、2,4- dncb等。皮肤试验对某些化学物质反应的再现性也分别在两个实验室采用豚鼠最大化试验进行了检验。从结果来看，GPMT技术的简单性、反应的敏感性和可重复性等方面是令人钦佩的。光敏试验采用佐剂贴片试验及其改性试验，试验剂为DDVP。初步确定了其光致敏能力中等，但还需要进一步的研究来规范其光致敏试验。接下来，为了定量评价测试反应，利用前几次实验的数据，对与豚鼠最大化测试相关的各个项目进行打分。从分析中，明确了对皮内和局部诱导浓度，局部激发浓度，过敏原等级和反应强度（Draize评分）等项目进行评分，并将其总分定量分为五级，以评估皮肤致敏试验的实际用途。

First of all, in order to standarize the skin sensitization test, four major kinds of tests, namely, Landsteiner-Draize test (LDT), Buehler test (BT),Split adjuvant technique (SAT) and Guinea pig maximization test (GPMT) were studies using various kinds of industrial chemicals as captafol, 2,4-DNCB and so forth. The reproducibility of reaction for the skin test to some chemicals was also examined using guinea pig maximization test at two laboratories, independently. From the results, GPMT was estimated to be admirable from such point of view as its simplicity of the technique and its sensitivity and reproducibility of the reactions. As for photo sensitization test, Adjuvant-Strip test and its modified test were examined using a test chemical, DDVP. Moderate capacity of its photo allergenicity was clarified, but, further investigations were necessary to stan- darize the photo sensitization test.Nextly, to evaluate the test reaction quantitatively, scoring for various items related to the quinea pig maximization test was undertaken using the data examined in the former experiments. From the analysis, it was clarified that to score such items as intradermal and topical concentrations for induction, topical concentrations for challenge, allergenicity ratings and intensity of reaction (Draize score) and to classify their total scores into five degrees quanititatively were evaluated to be practically useful for the skin sensitization test.