权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Development of a method of "Voltage Clamp by light" for the study of visual neurons

开发用于研究视觉神经元的“光电压钳”方法

基本信息

批准号：
61890013
负责人：
YASUI Syozo
金额：
$ 3.52万
依托单位：
KYUSHU INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY (1988)Okazaki National Research Institutes (1986-1987)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1986
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1986 至 1988
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The method of voltage clamp has provided physiology with a basic experimental paradigm for mofe than three decades. It is not, however,feasible in some cases, due to problems arising from the cell morphology (size and shape) , electrical connection with other cells, and etc. This is true with many visual neurons, and often one can learn little about important subjects such as synaptic mechanisms to mediate the photo-response. The purpuse of this research was to get around the problem by developing a new voltage clamp method which makes use of the natural stimulus to the visual system. namely light. We feel that the aim has adequately been attained, as is summarized below.1. Development of the Method of " Voltage Clamp by Light "(1.1) Protype System: a servomechanical apparatus was designed and fabrica ted, which automatically controls the light intensity on the basis of membrane voltage error signal.(1.2) Extended System: the bridge-balance method was incorporeted with the preceding prototype, to allow simultaneous measurement of the membrane resistance under the voltage clamp by light.2. Application Research i: the eqipment of (1.1) was used to measure DC and AC spectral sensitivities of horizontal cells in the carp retina. A new observation was made from this result, bearing close relevance to the finding of 3.3. Application Research ii: the system of (1.2) was used to investigate the synaptic mechanisms from cone photoreceptors to horizontal cells. The result necessitates a revision on a popular notion in this field.4. Application Research iii: the apparatus of (1.2) was applied to find a new phenomenon asscociated with the process of light adaptation in the crayfish photoreceptor cell.

电压钳方法三十多年来为生理学提供了一个基本的实验范式。然而，在某些情况下，由于细胞形态(大小和形状)、与其他细胞的电连接等问题，这是不可行的。许多视觉神经元都是如此，人们通常对重要的课题，如调节光反应的突触机制知之甚少。这项研究的目的是通过开发一种新的电压钳方法来绕过这一问题，该方法利用视觉系统的自然刺激。也就是光。如下所述，我们认为这一目标已经充分实现。“光电压钳”方法(1.1)样机系统的研制：设计并制作了一台根据膜电压误差信号自动控制光强的随动机械装置。(1.2)扩展系统：将电桥平衡法与前人的样机相结合，可以同时测量光电压钳下的膜电阻。应用研究一：用(1.1)装置测量鲤鱼视网膜水平细胞的直流和交流光谱灵敏度。从这一结果中作出了一个新的观察，与3.3的发现密切相关。应用研究二：应用(1.2)系统研究视锥感光细胞向水平细胞的突触机制。这一结果需要对这一领域一个流行的概念进行修订。应用研究III：应用(1.2)的装置，在小龙虾感光细胞中发现了与光适应过程相关的新现象。