High Frequency Chromosome Rearrangement and Variation of Cell Morphology in The Yeast Candida Albicans.

酵母白色念珠菌的高频染色体重排和细胞形态变化。

• 批准号: 01480018
• 负责人: SUZUKI Takahito
• 金额: $ 4.35万
• 依托单位: Nara Women's University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01480018/
• 关键词: Candida yeast; genetic instability; colony morphology variation; chromosome rearrangement; Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis; cell fusion; polyploid; repeated sequence; 細胞形態変異; 菌糸形成; 倍数性; 温度感受性変異株; 高頻度変異現象; カンジタ酵母; 温度感受性変異体; 倍数性変換

UV irradiation treatment of the asexual yeast Candida albicans, as well as C. tropicalis, gave rise to morphological mutants exhibiting abnormal colonies. The frequency of occurrence of these colony mutants was 10^<-2> to 10^<-3> and these phenomena were termed as genetic instability. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) showed different banding pattern of chromosome-sized DNA, suggesting the occurrence of chromosonal rearrangements associated with genetic instability. These mutant strains produced cells of specific type to each type of colony. Furthermore, large cells with polyploid states were also found among these mutant colonies.In order to clarify relation between the occurrence of polyploid cells and genetic instability, a variant of C. albicans strain, #31-30, was isolated, which produced polyploid cells when incubated at high temperature (37ﾟC). Incubation of this mutant stain at high temperature gave various morphological mutants and auxotrophic mutants at high frequency. These auxotrophic ones were produced as outaion previously existing heterozygous state to be homozygous oife. At low temperature (28ﾟC), scarecely any polyploid cells appeared, nor mutant colonies were produced. By protoplast fusion, this mutant phenotype was capable of being transferred to the other strains of C. albicans. with different genetic backgrounds.Polyploid cells, which appeared after 37ﾟC-treatment, were fractionated by Ficoll-density gradient centrifugalization and plated to colonies. Among these colonies, auxotrophic ones as well as colony-morphology variants accounted for more than 20%. Hybridization experiments showed that some of the different patterns of chromosomal DNA bands among the mutant strains with genetic instability had RDNA repeats.In the case of protoplast fusion, chromosome arramgement was found to occur during fusion process and two types of repeated sequences were detected, one of which was RDNA but the other remained to be identified.

紫外线照射处理的无性酵母白色念珠菌，以及C。tropicalis，产生了表现出异常菌落的形态突变体。这些菌落突变体的发生频率为10 <-2>~ 10倍<-3>，这些现象被称为遗传不稳定性。脉冲场凝胶电泳（PFGE）显示不同的染色体大小的DNA带型，提示发生染色体重排与遗传不稳定性。这些突变株产生的细胞的特定类型的每一种类型的集落。为了阐明多倍体细胞的出现与遗传不稳定性的关系，我们对C.分离到白色念珠菌菌株#31-30，其在高温（37 ℃）下孵育时产生多倍体细胞。该突变菌株在高温下孵育，高频率地产生各种形态突变体和营养缺陷型突变体。这些营养缺陷型突变体是由先前存在的杂合状态转变为纯合状态。在低温（28 ℃）下，几乎没有任何多倍体细胞出现，也没有突变体菌落产生。通过原生质体融合，该突变体表型能够转移到其他菌株的C。白色念珠菌用Ficoll密度梯度离心法分离37 μ C处理后出现的多倍体细胞，并将其接种至集落。在这些菌落中，营养缺陷型菌落和菌落形态变异型菌落占20%以上。杂交实验表明，遗传不稳定突变株的染色体DNA带型中，有些带型不同，有rDNA重复序列，原生质体融合时，染色体排列发生变化，有两种重复序列，一种是rDNA，另一种有待鉴定。

项目成果

鈴木 孝仁: "細胞融合を利用した遺伝解析" 化学と生物ーバイオサイエンスとバイオテクノロジー. 28. 647-654 (1990)

Takahito Suzuki：“使用细胞融合进行遗传分析”化学与生物学 - 生物科学与生物技术 28. 647-654 (1990)。

Kamiryo, T., Mito, N., Niki, T. and Suzuki, T.: "Assignment of most genes encoding major peroxisomal polypeptides to chromosomal band V of the asporogenic yeast Candida tropicalis." Yeast. 7. 503-511 (1991)

Kamiryo, T.、Mito, N.、Niki, T. 和 Suzuki, T.：“将编码主要过氧化物酶体多肽的大多数基因分配给产孢子酵母热带假丝酵母的染色体带 V。”

Suzuki,T.,Kobayashi,I.,Kanbe,T.and Tanaka,K.: "High frequency variation of colony morphology and chromosome reorganization in the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans." Journal of General Microbiology. 135. 425-434 (1989)

Suzuki,T.、Kobayashi,I.、Kanbe,T. 和 Tanaka,K.：“致病性酵母白色念珠菌中菌落形态和染色体重组的高频变异。”

鈴木 孝仁: "細胞融合を利用した遺伝解析" 化学と生物バイオサイエンスとバイオテクノロジ-. 28. 647-654 (1990)

Takahito Suzuki：“使用细胞融合进行遗传分析”化学与生物学生物科学与生物技术 28. 647-654 (1990)。

根本泰行: "色素体の分化と色素体核を構成する蛋白質" 細胞. 21. 215-219 (1989)

Yasuyuki Nemoto：“质体分化和构成质体核的蛋白质”细胞。21。215-219（1989）