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Difference and relationship between plastic synapse of sensitive period and that of after effect in the visual cortex.

视觉皮层敏感期塑性突触与后效期塑性突触的区别与关系

基本信息

批准号：
04807009
负责人：
IMAMURA Kazuyuki
金额：
$ 1.28万
依托单位：
OSAKA BIOSCIENCE INSTITUTE
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-04807009/
关键词：
Plasticity Visual Cortex Sentitive Period After effect Noradrenaline

项目摘要

Since the pioneering work by Wiesel and Hubel in 1963, involvements of (i) the activity-dependent mechanism and (ii) the neurochemical basis, have been suggested in the regulation of the ocular doinance plasticity observed during the sensitive period. We have proposed that the central noradrenergic system plays a crucial role in the regulation of the ocular dominance plasticity as a major neurochemical basis. Recent electron microscopic studies showed that astrocytes in kitten visual cortex express beta-adrenergic receptors. Thus, we consider a possibility that the action of noradrenaline (NA) is partially mediated by the astrocytic function and immature astrocytes may integrate the activity-dependent mechanism and the neurochemical basis. We have shown that a gliotoxin suppressed the ocular dominance plasticity. This glial involvement may be unique for the sensitive period plasticity not for the aftereffect. We studied after effects using adequate drifting since wave grating.Fifty percent of cells in area 17 examined showed aftereffect. The lower frequency of aftereffect seems to depend on the anesthesia and paralysis. It has priviously been demonstrated that ocular dominance plasticity is freezed under anesthetized and paralyzed conditions. Although, these finding may be correlated each other, we could not detect the increase of frequency of cells showing aftereffect by the NA indusion. Experiments with the monocularly deprived kitten showed that the conditioning of the deprived eye never induced aftereffect of the normal eye, suggested that synapses of aftereffect are affected by visual environment during the sensitive period.

自1963年Wiberg和Hubel的开创性工作以来，（i）活动依赖性机制和（ii）神经化学基础参与了在敏感期观察到的眼持续可塑性的调节。我们提出，中枢去甲肾上腺素能系统作为一个主要的神经化学基础，在调节眼优势可塑性中起着至关重要的作用。最近的电镜研究表明，小猫视皮层的星形胶质细胞表达β-肾上腺素能受体。因此，我们认为，去甲肾上腺素（NA）的行动是部分介导的星形胶质细胞的功能和未成熟的星形胶质细胞可能整合的活动依赖性机制和神经化学基础的可能性。我们已经表明，胶毒素抑制眼优势可塑性。这种胶质细胞的参与可能是唯一的敏感期可塑性，而不是后效。我们利用光栅适当漂移的方法研究了后效，在17区有50%的细胞出现后效。低频率的后效似乎取决于麻醉和麻痹。已经初步证明，眼优势可塑性在麻醉和麻痹条件下被冻结。虽然这些发现可能彼此相关，但我们不能检测到NA诱导后显示后效的细胞频率增加。用单眼剥夺小猫进行的实验表明，剥夺眼的条件反射不产生正常眼的后效，提示后效突触在敏感期受到视觉环境的影响。