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Analysis of the formation mechanism of fertilization membarane on see urchin eggs using wasp venom peptide analogs

利用黄蜂毒肽类似物分析海胆卵受精膜的形成机制

基本信息

批准号：
04808022
负责人：
SAITO Kazuki
金额：
$ 1.15万
依托单位：
Suntory Institude for Bioorganic Research (1993)The University of Tokyo (1992)
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1992
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1992 至 1993
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Forty years ago, crude wasp venom from Polistes jadwigae was found to elevate the fertilization membrane(FM)of sea urchin eggs, but effective components of the venom have not been elucidated yet. Mastoparan, a peptide in the wasp venom, was thought to be the first candidate for such an effective component, because it was known to be able to activate G protein, which is a major transducer of biosignals in cells.1. The activity of various natural wasp peptides to elevate the FM of sea urchin eggs was examined. Mastoparan was foudnd to elevate the FM in part, but it cannot be the effective component of the venom, because other wasp peptides, such as melittin and chemotactic peptides, could act to the eggs more effectively.2. While mastoparan itself hardly elevates the FM of sea urchin eggs, it was found to obtain the activity by modification of N^<alpha>-or N^<epsilon>-amino groups. Among the analogs, [Lys(Dns)^<11>]mastoparan was most effective, but truncated derivatives of the dansylated peptide that lacked a few N-terminal residuees did not show any activity.3. From various indirect evidences, [Lys(Dns)^<11>]mastoparan was not thought to activate the G protein to elevate the FM of sea urchin eggs. The peptide must promote only the topical cortical reactions, but it was also found to induce the aggregation of chromosomes and the formation of actin bundle. This indicates that the dansylaled mastoparan acts to the cells not as a non-specifiic detergent but as a promoter of the cortical reactions and the initial segmentation.

40年前，人们发现了来自马蜂的粗蜂毒可以提高海胆卵的受精膜（FM），但其有效成分尚未阐明。Mastoparan是黄蜂毒液中的一种肽，被认为是这种有效成分的第一个候选者，因为已知它能够激活G蛋白，G蛋白是细胞中生物信号的主要转换器。检测了各种天然黄蜂肽提高海胆卵FM的活性。Mastoparan被发现部分提高了FM，但它不是毒液的有效成分，因为其他黄蜂肽，如蜂毒肽和趋化肽，可以更有效地作用于卵.虽然mastoparan本身几乎不能提高海胆卵的FM，但发现它通过修饰N^<alpha>-或N^<epsilon>-氨基获得活性。在这些类似物中，[Lys（Dns）^<11>]mastoparan是最有效的，但是缺少一些N-末端残基的丹磺酰化肽的截短衍生物没有显示出任何活性。从各种间接证据来看，[Lys（Dns）^<11>]mastoparan不被认为激活G蛋白以提高海胆卵的FM。该肽必须促进局部皮质反应，但它也被发现诱导染色体的聚集和肌动蛋白束的形成。这表明，丹磺酰化的mastoparan对细胞的作用不是作为非特异性洗涤剂，而是作为皮层反应和初始分割的促进剂。