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A historical study on the developement of the mind construction of Chinese literati

中国文人心灵建设发展的历史考察

基本信息

批准号：
05451066
负责人：
MIURA Shuichi
金额：
$ 3.97万
依托单位：
Tohoku Univ.
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05451066/
关键词：
China literati elite author mind activity politics faith religion

项目摘要

We explored how the mind construction of Chinese literati was developed historically, using a method of the philological positivism. Some of important results are as follows ;At the medieval Chinese Buddhist society, as some people who took the position that the two way of entering the truth by conviction intellectually and practice (****) were appeared, the leading faction began to attack them that they were dispising their doctrin and discipline, while the other religionist were tempting them that the man attained non-existant (*) should not need to lead an ascetic life. In general, the pre-modern Chinese literati are getting to internalize this composition of confrontation among the medieval Chinese Buddhist, that is to say this composition is making a basic mind frame of the pre-modern Chinese literati.For instance, the Northern Sung literati took a strong interst how history was locating theirself, persistently held on their struggle for self-preservation while enholding thier descendant. Moreover a many kind of controversy about the propriety of feng-jian or jun-xian (**・**) and an assertion which the six Confucian canon (**) was one with a history had been recuring. These facts prove that the mind of the pre-modern Chinese literati is inclined to recognize the value of existant (*) as fame on a history, a definite argumentum, etc. However we think it also equippes itself with a theoretical apparatus for getting over that sort of existant, the reason why the purpose for such argument is not to maintain the present condition but to reorganize it.

我们运用语言实证主义的方法来探讨中国文人的心灵建构是如何历史发展的。一些重要的结果如下：在中世纪的中国佛教社会，当一些人采取了通过理智和实践两种方式进入真理的立场（****）时，领导派开始攻击他们，说他们蔑视他们的教义和戒律，而其他宗教徒则诱惑他们，认为证悟的人不存在（*）不需要过苦行生活。总体而言，前现代中国文人正在将这种中古中国佛教徒之间的对抗成分内化，也就是说，这种成分正在形成中国前现代文人的基本思维框架。例如，北宋文人非常关心历史如何定位自己，在维护后代的同时坚持自我保护的斗争。而且，关于“奉俭”或“君贤”是否合理的多种争论以及儒家六经合一的说法也不断出现。这些事实证明，中国前现代文人的心灵倾向于承认存在物（*）的价值，如历史上的名声、确定的论证等。但我们认为它也具备克服这种存在物的理论工具，所以这种论证的目的不是为了维持现状而是为了重组它。