Research on the better use of abandoned farmland and irrigation canals around cities as well as intermediate/mountainous areas.

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In the last research year 1995 we put stress on investigating the actual situation of cultivation-abandoned farmland in intermedate/mountanous areas. Agriculture in those areas is suffering seriously form the liberalization of agricultural products import. We, at first, tried to observe the actual situation of cultivation-abandoned farmland in the marginal areas where labor productivity is very low, and identified the reasons of such phenomenon. The main factor was physical, such as inclination, irrigation condition, road condition, etc. On the other hand, intermediate/mountainous areas with scarce cultivation-abandoned farmland were also observed. Social important condition such as optimal selection of crops, promotion of collective farming, interchange between villages and cities could be extracted as this factor.Based on knowledge above, a mechanism of apperance of cultivation-abandoned farmland was clarified, and after a difference between urban fringe and intermediate/mountainous areas was calified, measures preventing abandonment and turning abandoned farmland into cultivation again, such as landuse plan, farmland consolidation plan, road plan, irrigation and drainage plan as well as software of land management plannned by village inhabitants themselves could be shown.Moreover, it is reaffirmed again that properly cultivated farmland has functions of fostering waterresources and preventing disasters, and actual situation that cultivation-abandoned farmland brought about minus functions becomes clear. Clarification of an importance of farmland management from this aspect is also one of important results of our research.