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Geogruphicul Studyon the economic interdependesiry between Japanese and American cities

日本与美国城市经济相互依存的地理学研究

基本信息

批准号：
05680123
负责人：
MURAYAMA Yuji
金额：
$ 1.34万
依托单位：
University of Tsukuba
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05680123/
关键词：
Japan USA system of cities interdependercy geography economy 都市群システム強化

项目摘要

Since the end of the Second World War, the interdependent relationship between the United States and Japan has been steadily intensifying, with the result that today, the economies of the two countries are deeply intertwined. Developments in the Japanese economy greatly affect that of the Unites States, while developments in the American have an immediate impact on Japan. Moreover, the dazzling developments in recent years of information and communications technology, reductlons in shippling time and expenses, the globalization of industrial production, and the advance of free trade have all worked the bring the economies of these two nations much closer.Amid this intensification of mutual dependency are the rapidly accelerating advances that businesses from one country have been making in the other country. These new spatial positionings of Japanese and American businesses are not uniform throughout either nation ; rather, they have gravitated toward certain regions and have agglomerated in special cities, with clear regional differences. The city in which a business or industry locates depends on the type and scale of the enterprise. For example, banking, finance, and insurance companies tend to locate in large cities, while high-tech and automobile industries are mainly found in medium-sized regional cities. In addition, the types, scale, and number of industries going abroad have all changed considerably since the 1950s ; moreover patterns for this overseas movement differ between American and Japanese firms. In terms of time and space, such locational patterns for these firms have become quite complex.

第二次世界大战结束以来，美国和日本之间的相互依存关系不断加剧，导致今天两国经济深度交织。日本经济的发展对美国经济的影响很大，而美国经济的发展对日本的影响也很大。此外，近年来信息和通信技术的飞速发展、运输时间和费用的减少、工业生产的全球化以及自由贸易的推进，都使两国经济更加紧密。在这种相互依赖的加剧中，一国的企业在另一国的发展也在迅速加速。这些新的空间定位在日本和美国都不是统一的，而是向特定的地区聚集，在特定的城市聚集，具有明显的地区差异。企业或行业所在的城市取决于企业的类型和规模。例如，银行、金融和保险公司倾向于设在大城市，而高科技和汽车工业则主要设在中型区域城市。此外，从20世纪50年代以来，企业的种类、规模和数量都发生了很大变化，而且，美国企业和日本企业的海外转移模式也不同。就时间和空间而言，这些公司的这种选址模式变得相当复杂。