A Study on Communication Using Pictograms

传统的交流方式是口头交流(口头交流)，可供选择的交流方式有手动交流、触觉交流或视觉交流。本研究对加拿大开发的PIC象形文字交流系统进行了改进，使之易于在日本使用。在调查过程中，50名成年学生对400个象形文字和表意文字的每个符号的透明度和生态有效性进行了主观评分。本研究的另一个独特之处在于，本研究的另一个独特之处在于，本研究提出了一种利用象形图进行语际交际的初步方法，即一种语言有困难的人可以利用日语版PIC中的424个符号与其他人进行交流，同时也可以进行口语交流。

The conventional form of communication is speaking (verbal communication) and the alternatives would be manual, tactile, or visual communication. In the present study, a system of pictogram communication named PIC,which was originally developed in Canada, was modified to be easily used in Japan.During the investigation, the transparency and ecological validity of each symbol of 400 pictograms and ideograms was subjectively rated by fifty adult students. According to the results, 24 symbols were added and the six of the 400 symbols were modified, because of the specific intercultural discrepancy between Canada and Japan.In addition to the psychological investigation mentioned above, Japanese version of communication training program was developed, which is quite unique and so different from the original version which had been developed in Canada in 1980.Another unique aspect of the present research is that a tentative approach to interlingual communication using pictograms was proposed, in which a speaker with difficulties in a certain language can communicate with others utilizing the 424 symbols of Japanese version of PIC as well as speaking at the same time.