Epidemiologic study on environmental and genetic factors for development of hypertension, A long-term follow-up study for two generations

1)对血压正常者进行6 ~ 8年的随访，2)对父母与后代血压及相关因素进行比较，探讨高血压发生的相关因素。对血压正常者进行随访，通过单因素分析和多因素分析探讨血压正常者发生高血压的相关因素。高血压定义为收缩压>=160mmHg，舒张压>=95mmHg，和/或服用抗高血压药物。在男性中，在20世纪60年代的队列中没有发现体重指数和血压之间的关系，但在后来的队列中出现了显著的关系。由于农业机械化导致体力劳动的大量减少可能导致了体重指数与高血压发展之间关系的变化。超声心动图确定的左心室质量（LVM）与血压水平升高显著相关。城市男性比农村男性血压变化更大。与城市男性相比，农村男性LVM与血压升高之间的关联较弱，这可能是由于体力活动增加的影响，导致左心室内部尺寸增大。升高的LVM预示着在正常或小内维存在的情况下，血压正常的男性随后的血压升高。秋田县农村人口父母与后代的血压比较：雄性后代的平均收缩压比雄性父母低10 mmHg，雌性后代的平均收缩压比雌性父母低3 mmHg。后代较低的血压水平可归因于20世纪60年代至80年代生活方式的改变。在这一人群中，环境因素比遗传因素对高血压的影响更大，因此男性后代和父母之间的血压水平缺乏显著相关性。少

Factors related with development of hypertension were examined by 1) a 6 to 8 year follow-up of normotensive persons, and 2) comparison of blood pressure and related factors between parents and offsprings.1. A follow-up of normotensive personsFactors related with the development of hypertension among normotensive persons were examined by univariate and multivariate analyzes. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure>=160mmHg, diastolic blood pressure >=95mmHg, and/or taking antihypertensive medication.In men, no relation was found between body mass index and blood pressure in the 1960s cohort, but significant relation appeared in the later cohorts. A substantial decline in manual work due to mechanization of farming may contributed to changes in the relation between body mass index and the development of hypertension.Echocardiograpically-determined left ventricular mass (LVM) was significantly associated with an increase in blood pressure levels. The relation between LVM and … More blood pressure changes was stronger in urban men than in rural men. The weaker association between LVM and blood pressure increase in rural compared with urban men was probably the result of effects of higher physical activity, leading to a larger left ventricular internal dimension. An increased LVM predicts subsequent blood pressure increase in normotensive men in the presence of a normal or small internal dimension.2. Blood pressure comparison between parents and offsrpings in a Akita rural populationMale offsprings showed a 10 mmHg lover mean systolic blood pressure than male parents, and female offsprings showed a 3 mmHg lower mean systolic blood pressure than female parents. Lower blood pressure levels in offsprings were attributable to lifestyle changes between 1960s and 1980s. A lack of significant association in blood pressure levels between male offsprings and parents may be due to larger effects of environmental factors then genetic factors in development of hypertension in this population. Less