Epidemiologic study on environmental and genetic factors for development of hypertension, A long-term follow-up study for two generations

通过1)血压正常者6~8年的随访，以及2)父母和子女的血压及相关因素的比较来检查与高血压发生有关的因素。对血压正常者的随访采用单因素和多因素分析方法，对血压正常者发生高血压的相关因素进行分析。高血压的定义为：收缩压=160 mmHg，舒张压=95 mm Hg，和/或服用降压药。在20世纪60年代的队列中，男性的体重指数与血压没有相关性，但在后一队列中出现了显著的相关性。机械化耕作导致体力劳动的大幅减少可能导致体重指数与高血压之间关系的改变。超声心动图测定的左心室质量(LVM)与血压水平的升高显著相关。LVM与…的关系城市男性的血压变化比农村男性更强烈。与城市男性相比，农村男性LVM与血压升高之间的相关性较弱，可能是由于较高的体力活动导致左心室内径较大所致。在血压正常或内径较小的情况下，LVm的增加预示着血压正常的男性随后的血压升高。秋田农村人口父母和子女的血压比较男性子女的平均收缩压比男性父母低10毫米汞，女性子女的平均收缩压比女性父母低3毫米汞。后代较低的血压水平可归因于20世纪60年代至80年代期间生活方式的变化。在这一人群中，男性后代和父母之间的血压水平缺乏明显的相关性，可能是因为环境因素比遗传因素在高血压发病中的影响更大。较少

Factors related with development of hypertension were examined by 1) a 6 to 8 year follow-up of normotensive persons, and 2) comparison of blood pressure and related factors between parents and offsprings.1. A follow-up of normotensive personsFactors related with the development of hypertension among normotensive persons were examined by univariate and multivariate analyzes. Hypertension was defined as systolic blood pressure>=160mmHg, diastolic blood pressure >=95mmHg, and/or taking antihypertensive medication.In men, no relation was found between body mass index and blood pressure in the 1960s cohort, but significant relation appeared in the later cohorts. A substantial decline in manual work due to mechanization of farming may contributed to changes in the relation between body mass index and the development of hypertension.Echocardiograpically-determined left ventricular mass (LVM) was significantly associated with an increase in blood pressure levels. The relation between LVM and … More blood pressure changes was stronger in urban men than in rural men. The weaker association between LVM and blood pressure increase in rural compared with urban men was probably the result of effects of higher physical activity, leading to a larger left ventricular internal dimension. An increased LVM predicts subsequent blood pressure increase in normotensive men in the presence of a normal or small internal dimension.2. Blood pressure comparison between parents and offsrpings in a Akita rural populationMale offsprings showed a 10 mmHg lover mean systolic blood pressure than male parents, and female offsprings showed a 3 mmHg lower mean systolic blood pressure than female parents. Lower blood pressure levels in offsprings were attributable to lifestyle changes between 1960s and 1980s. A lack of significant association in blood pressure levels between male offsprings and parents may be due to larger effects of environmental factors then genetic factors in development of hypertension in this population. Less