A Basic Study on the Curriculum of the Physical Education in Elementary School : Appropriate Time to Learn the Running High Jump

本研究的目的是明确学习跑步跳高(剪刀式跳高)的时间。对320名小学四至六年级儿童13节课的跳高技术进步进行了调查，发现不同年级学生的学习对跳高成绩(身高)的影响没有显著差异。13节课后，跳高技能指数[HJS=(记录-1/2高度)/垂直跳跃X100]分别为4年级：73.1分，5年级74.2分，6年级76.5分。但助跑和起跳技术对成绩增长的贡献率，4年级分别为91.8%和8.2%，5年级分别为66.7%和33.2%，6年级分别为39.3%和60.7%。6年级学生的认知领域效果明显好于4年级和5年级学生。本研究结果表明，4年级学生学习助跑技术是可能的，小学6年级是学习助跑跳高起跳技术的最佳时期。此外，我们还设置了助跑跳高体育课的两个程序。F组的HJS指数课后为87.7分，高于S组的79.3分，说明即使是小学生也可以从剪刀式跳高到背越式跳高，而不仅仅是剪式跳高。

The purpose of this study is to clarity the time for learning the Running High Jump(Scissors jump). Improvements in the skill of High Jump were examined, using 320 elementary school children in the fourth to sixth grade in 13 lessons.We can not found of significant difference for the effect of learning on high jump performance(Height) among each grade. High jump skill index [HJS=(Record-1/2Height)/vertical jump X 100] showed 4th grade : 73.1 point, 5th grade 74.2 point and 6th grade 76.5 point, respectively after 13 lessons.However, the percent contribution of clearance and take-off skill to increment of performance with practice were 91.8% and 8.2% at 4th grade, 66.7% and 33.2% at 5th grade and 39.3% and 60.7% at 6th grade, respectively.And 4th grade could not improved the image of the running high jump throughout the courses, that is, the effect of cognitive domain of the 6th grade is much better than 4th and 5th grade.The present results suggested that the learning the technique for clearance thus appears possible on the 4th grade students, and the best time for learning the technique for take-off in running high jump is when students are in the 6th grade in elementary school term.In addition, we set two processes of physical education course for running high jumping. F group was instructed the scissors jump and fosbury flop, the other S group was instructed the scissors jump only.HJS index of F group indicated 87.7 point after lesson, that was larger that of S group (79.3 point).We concluded that it is desirable to instruct even elementary school children from the scissors jump to the fosbury flop rather than only the scissors jump.