A Basic Study on the Curriculum of the Physical Education in Elementary School : Appropriate Time to Learn the Running High Jump

本研究旨在明确跑式跳高（剪式跳高）的学习时间。对320名小学四至六年级儿童13节课的跳高技术进步进行了研究，发现学习对跳高成绩（身高）的影响在各年级间无显著性差异。跳高技术指标[HJS=（记录-1/2高度）/垂直跳跃X 100]显示4年级：而腾空技术和起跳技术对练习成绩提高的贡献率在四年级分别为91.8%和8.2%，小学五年级为66.7%和33.2%，小学六年级为39.3%和60.7%，小学四年级未能在整个课程中提高跳高的形象，即：六年级的认知领域学习效果明显优于四、五年级，本研究结果表明，在小学阶段学习清除技术是可能的。小学四年级的学生，在小学六年级时是学习跑跳起跳技术的最佳时间，并设置了跑跳起跳技术的两个体育课程过程。结果表明，F组的HJS指数为87.7分，高于S组的79.3分，说明即使是小学生，也应该从剪刀跳到背越式跳高，而不仅仅是剪刀跳。

The purpose of this study is to clarity the time for learning the Running High Jump(Scissors jump). Improvements in the skill of High Jump were examined, using 320 elementary school children in the fourth to sixth grade in 13 lessons.We can not found of significant difference for the effect of learning on high jump performance(Height) among each grade. High jump skill index [HJS=(Record-1/2Height)/vertical jump X 100] showed 4th grade : 73.1 point, 5th grade 74.2 point and 6th grade 76.5 point, respectively after 13 lessons.However, the percent contribution of clearance and take-off skill to increment of performance with practice were 91.8% and 8.2% at 4th grade, 66.7% and 33.2% at 5th grade and 39.3% and 60.7% at 6th grade, respectively.And 4th grade could not improved the image of the running high jump throughout the courses, that is, the effect of cognitive domain of the 6th grade is much better than 4th and 5th grade.The present results suggested that the learning the technique for clearance thus appears possible on the 4th grade students, and the best time for learning the technique for take-off in running high jump is when students are in the 6th grade in elementary school term.In addition, we set two processes of physical education course for running high jumping. F group was instructed the scissors jump and fosbury flop, the other S group was instructed the scissors jump only.HJS index of F group indicated 87.7 point after lesson, that was larger that of S group (79.3 point).We concluded that it is desirable to instruct even elementary school children from the scissors jump to the fosbury flop rather than only the scissors jump.