A Basic Study on the Curriculum of the Physical Education in Elementary School : Optimum Time for Learning the Technique for Baton Passing in Relay Race and the Two Ball Games styles of offense-defense-separated type and offense-defense-jambled type.

本研究旨在探讨学习接力赛与球类接力传棒技术的最佳时间，结果发现三年级学生接力赛时间较其他年级有显著的进步，且随年级的升高而降低。而在接力技术水平还不高的三年级，接力跑时间比50 m总时间长，接力跑时间与50 m总时间的差值是衡量学习成绩的指标，且高年级的差值更大。高年级儿童接力跑时间的提前主要是通过传棒技术的提高，而不是通过短跑能力的提高。本研究结果表明，四年级学生学习传棒技术是可能的，学习传棒技术的最佳时间是六年级。对于2个班的学生来说，学习传棒技术的最佳时间是六年级，而对于四年级的学生来说，学习传棒技术的最佳时间是六年级。 关于我们 每头驴二、三、四年级（共6班），攻防分离型2种打法（目标-击中-游戏）和进攻-防守-混乱类型（足球），它被检查哪一个年级将带来最大的学习效果（态度得分、游戏中攻击完成率等）。二年级儿童的态度得分有所提高，与足球比赛相比，目标命中比赛中的攻击完成率显著提高。另外，四年级儿童在足球比赛中的态度得分、进攻完成率均比在击靶比赛中的得分有所提高，从以上结果可以看出，学习击靶比赛的最佳时间是在小学二年级，因此，在四年级儿童学习足球比赛是可能的。可以认为，随着学校年级的增加，从“攻防分离型 * 过渡-混战型 * 攻防混杂型”发展教材的学习方式有可能成为响应问题解决方案的学生的学习任务（教材）。少

The purpose of this study is to clarity the optimum time for learning the technique for baton passing in relay race and the ball games.The time of relay race for the third grade was improved remarkably as compared to the other grade, and the improvement decreased with grade level. However, in the third grade, who had not become skillfull enough in baton passing, the time of relay race was longer than total time of 50-meter sprint for members.The result of learning was judged by the remainder taken the time of relay race from the total time of 50-meter sprint for members, and it was bigger in higher grade. Higher grade children advanced the time of relay race by the improvement in the technique for baton passing not in the ability of sprint.The present results suggested that the learning the technique for baton passing thus appears possible on the part of fourth grade students, and the best time for learning the technique for baton passing is when student are in the sixth grade.For 2 cl … More asses each (6 classes in total) of the second, third and fourth grade and for 2 game-styles of offense-defense-separated type (target-hitting-game) and offense-defense-jumbled type (soccer) , it was examined which grader would bring about the greatest learning results (attitude score, attack completion rate in the game etc).The second grade children was improved the attitude score, attack completion rate in the target hitting-game remarkably as compared to the soccer. On the ather hand, the fourth grade children was improved the attitude score, attack completion rate in the soccer than target hitting-game.From above results suggested that the optimum time for learning the target-hitting-game was when children were in the second grade in elementary school term.And the learning the soccer thus appears possible on the 4th grade children.From these studies on ballgames, it can be considered that the way of learning of developing teaching materials from the "offense-defense-separated type * transitional-melee type * offense-defense-jumbled type" with the increase of school grades has a possibility to become a learning tasks (teaching material) responding to problem solutions pupils. Less