A Basic Study on the Curriculum of the Physical Education in Elementary School : Optimum Time for Learning the Technique for Baton Passing in Relay Race and the Two Ball Games styles of offense-defense-separated type and offense-defense-jambled type.

本研究旨在明确接力赛和球类接力赛中学习接力棒技术的最佳时机。三年级接力赛时间较其他年级有显著提高，且随年级的提高而递减。但在接力棒传递技术还不够熟练的三年级，接力赛时间长于队员50米短跑的总时间，学习成绩以接力赛时间与队员50米短跑总时间之差来判断，高年级接力赛成绩较大。高年级接力赛接力赛成绩的提高主要是由于接力棒技术的提高，而不是短跑能力的提高。本研究结果表明，四年级学生学习接力棒技术是可能的，而接力棒接力赛技术的最佳学习时间是在六年级。对于2CL…二、三、四年级各设6个班，对攻防分离型(打靶游戏)和攻防混杂型(足球)两种游戏方式，考察哪一种打分器的学习效果最好(态度得分、比赛中进攻完成率等)，二年级儿童在打靶游戏中的态度得分、进攻完成率较足球有显著提高。另一方面，四年级儿童在足球比赛中的态度得分、进攻完成率均高于打靶游戏。上述结果表明，学习打靶游戏的最佳时间是在小学二年级。因此，四年级儿童学习足球似乎是可能的。从这些关于球类游戏的研究来看，可以认为，随着学校年级的提高，由“攻防分离型*过渡混战型*攻防杂乱型”开发教材的学习方式有可能成为回应小学生问题解决的学习任务(教材)。较少

The purpose of this study is to clarity the optimum time for learning the technique for baton passing in relay race and the ball games.The time of relay race for the third grade was improved remarkably as compared to the other grade, and the improvement decreased with grade level. However, in the third grade, who had not become skillfull enough in baton passing, the time of relay race was longer than total time of 50-meter sprint for members.The result of learning was judged by the remainder taken the time of relay race from the total time of 50-meter sprint for members, and it was bigger in higher grade. Higher grade children advanced the time of relay race by the improvement in the technique for baton passing not in the ability of sprint.The present results suggested that the learning the technique for baton passing thus appears possible on the part of fourth grade students, and the best time for learning the technique for baton passing is when student are in the sixth grade.For 2 cl … More asses each (6 classes in total) of the second, third and fourth grade and for 2 game-styles of offense-defense-separated type (target-hitting-game) and offense-defense-jumbled type (soccer) , it was examined which grader would bring about the greatest learning results (attitude score, attack completion rate in the game etc).The second grade children was improved the attitude score, attack completion rate in the target hitting-game remarkably as compared to the soccer. On the ather hand, the fourth grade children was improved the attitude score, attack completion rate in the soccer than target hitting-game.From above results suggested that the optimum time for learning the target-hitting-game was when children were in the second grade in elementary school term.And the learning the soccer thus appears possible on the 4th grade children.From these studies on ballgames, it can be considered that the way of learning of developing teaching materials from the "offense-defense-separated type * transitional-melee type * offense-defense-jumbled type" with the increase of school grades has a possibility to become a learning tasks (teaching material) responding to problem solutions pupils. Less