Three Dimensional Analysis of Bipolar Lightning in Winter at the Japan Sea Coast.

日本海沿岸冬季双极闪电的三维分析。

• 批准号: 62550193
• 负责人: GOTO Yukihiro
• 金额: $ 1.22万
• 依托单位: TOHOKU UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1987 至 1988
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-62550193/
• 关键词: LIGHTNING; WINTER LIGHTNING; BIPOLAR LIGHTNING; SLOW ANTENNA; MAGNETIC LING; ビデオ撮影; 雷; 冬季雷; 磁鋼片

The observation of winter has been continuing using magnetic links, digital recording systems for the current oscillograms, field mills, still cameras and video camera systems for the images of lightning channels at the west coast of Japan. To clarify the structure of winter thundercloud, three slow type antennas were made and installed at the points which are separated several handred meter apart from earch other. Of the 65 magnetic links records, 60% were negative in polarity, 28% were positive and the remainig 12% were unknown. The maximum crest current was over 300 KA in a positive flash, and the larger crest currents were found in positive flashes. The measured current oscillogram shows that a winter lightning often has a very long duration. Moreover two kinds of bipolar strokes were frequently recorded in the winter season. Nine of the 60 flashes showed bipolar strokes. The vertical potential grdient at earth's surface and the wether conditions for the occurrence of winter thunde … More rstorms were studied. The observed signals of the electrostatic field were very variable in both magnitude and polarity, and often exceeded more than 20 kv/m. The surface gradient frequently changed to the opposite polarity in a few minutes. Several thunderstorms developed and attacked the region periodically over a long period of time during one day or more. Many photographs taken by sitll cameras and video cameras show that most of the flashes have upward branching. All nine of the bipolar oscillograms were similar to one or the other of two types. The first type initially has a low negative current and then a large positive current. The second type, on the other hand, begins with a large positive current, with a negative current subsequently superimposed on it, then change to a negative current. Bipolar stokes generally occur when lightning currents are relatively small. This would suggest that the bipolar current is gradually passing through the same channel from some regions of different polarity in the thunderclouds. Moreover it is significant that the return stroke current of bipolar lightning was superimposed with the opposite current pulses. Less

冬季观测一直在继续使用磁力链路、当前示波图的数字记录系统、现场磨机、静态相机和摄像机系统来拍摄日本西海岸闪电通道的图像。为了明确冬季雷云的结构，制作了三个慢速型天线，并将其安装在相距数米的点上。 65条磁力链接记录中，60%极性为负极，28%极性为正极，其余12%极性未知。正闪光时最大峰值电流超过300 KA，且正闪光时峰值电流更大。测量的电流波形图表明，冬季闪电往往持续时间很长。此外，两种双相性中风在冬季也经常发生。 60 次闪光中有 9 次显示双相中风。研究了地表垂直势梯度和冬季雷暴发生的天气条件。观察到的静电场信号在幅度和极性上变化很大，并且经常超过 20 kv/m。表面梯度经常在几分钟内变成相反的极性。在一天或更长的时间内，多次雷暴发展并在很长一段时间内周期性地袭击该地区。许多由相机和摄像机拍摄的照片显示，大多数闪光都有向上的分支。所有九个双极示波图都与两种类型中的一种相似。第一种类型最初具有较低的负电流，然后具有较大的正电流。第二种则以大的正电流开始，随后叠加负电流，然后变为负电流。双极雷击通常发生在雷电流相对较小时。这表明双极电流逐渐从雷雨云中不同极性的某些区域通过同一通道。此外，值得注意的是，双极闪电的回击电流与相反的电流脉冲叠加。较少的

项目成果

Y.Goto; K.Narita: "The Weather Conditions for the Occurrence of Winter Thunderstorm" Proceeding of 1988 France-Japan Seminar on Lightning. (1988)

Y.后藤;

S.Sawada;H.Komuro;Y.Goto;K.Narita: Proceedings of 1988 International Aerospace and Ground Conference on Lightning and Static Electricity. 103-110 (1988)

S.Sawada;H.Komuro;Y.Goto;K.Narita：1988 年国际航空航天和地面闪电和静电会议论文集。

成田、後藤、小室、沢田: 電気学会研究会資料ED-88-77 HV-88-99. 11 (1988)

成田、后藤、小室、泽田：日本电气工程师学会材料研究组 ED-88-77 HV-88-99 (1988)。

成田、後藤、小室、沢田: 電気学会研究資料 ED-88-77 HVー88-99. 11 (1988)

成田、后藤、小室、泽田：日本电气工程师学会研究材料 ED-88-77 HV-88-99 (1988)。

K.Narita;Y.Goto;H.Komuro;S.Sawada: Proceeding of 8th International Conference on Atmospheric Electricity. 873-878 (1988)

K.Narita；Y.Goto；H.Komuro；S.Sawada：第八届国际大气电会议论文集。