Historical Research on the Ideas of Equal Pay-England and America

同工同酬思想的历史研究——英美

基本信息

批准号：
06630014
负责人：
YASUKAWA Etsuko
金额：
$ 1.22万
依托单位：
Nagoya City Women's College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I come to the conclusion of those three points.1) It has a long history of question why women's wage has been lower than men's one. Many political economists like Adam Smith offered explanations on the standard of wage in their economic theory. In the late 19th century's England, a definite theory on unequal wage between man and woman come onstage with such economists as J.S.Mill. It was the same time that an ideology of the division of labor by sex had appeared on the scene. Some upper working-class people in Victorian Engaland had been caught with this idea. A man has to earn his family wage, but a woman should not get her family wage, because she is to be a family member supported by man. This idea of unequal wage is typically found in The Subjection of Women by J.S.Mill, which was published in 1869.2) The ideas of equal wage come from feminists. Women and Economics by Charlotte Perkins Gilman is the first book on the idea of equal wage for women, which is published in 1898, America … More . She asserted not only women's right to vote but also women's right to work as paid workers. This means economic independence for women, especially for married women. It shall be materialized with the socialization of house work. Concerinig with the way to realize the socialization of house work, she concluded the best way was through commercialization of house work based on developing the division of labor in society.3) This inquiry might be focused on the historical process of capitalist society, finding the way to realiz the 'equal pay' for women. One of the most important key words is the 'feminization of labor' to consider it. The concept of 'feminization of lobour' must lead to the idea of disintegration of family. Though Japanese my company system is famous for its cruel and workaholic system, it could only coexist with my-home family system supported by a single male earner. It cannot exist together equal pay idea. The direct but steep way to the equal wage, of course, to realize equality between women and men, could be found in the process of 'feminization of women' and the disintegration of family in capitalist countries. Less

我得出了这三个点的结论。1）有一个悠久的疑问历史，为什么妇女的工资比男子的工资低。像亚当·史密斯（Adam Smith）这样的许多政治经济学家在其经济理论中提供了关于工资标准的解释。在19世纪后期的英格兰，关于男人和女人之间不平等工资的定义理论与J.S.Mill这样的经济学舞台上。同时，现场出现了性劳动分工的构想。维多利亚时代恩格兰德（Engaland）的一些上工人阶级的人被这一想法抓住了。一个男人必须赚取他的家庭工资，但一个女人不应该获得家庭工资，因为她要成为男人支持的家庭成员。这种不平等工资的想法通常在J.S. Mill的妇女服从于1869.2），同等工资的思想来自女权主义者。夏洛特·珀金斯·吉尔曼（Charlotte Perkins Gilman）的妇女与经济学是第一本关于妇女同等工资的想法的书，该书于1898年出版，美国……更多。她不仅断言妇女的投票权，还断言妇女作为有偿工人的工作权。这意味着妇女的经济独立性，尤其是已婚妇女。它应通过房屋工作的社会化来实现。关于实现房屋工作社会化的方式，她得出的结论是，最好的方法是基于建立社会劳动分工的房屋工作的商业化。3）这一询问可能集中在资本主义社会的历史过程上，找到了实现“平等薪酬”的方式。最重要的关键词之一是“劳动的女性化”来考虑它。 “ Lobour女性化”的概念必须导致家庭瓦解的想法。尽管我的公司系统以其残酷和工作狂的系统而闻名，但它只能与一个男性收入支持的我的家庭家庭系统共存。它不能共同存在同等的薪水想法。当然，在“女性化妇女”和资本主义国家的家庭瓦解的过程中，可以找到达成平等的平等工资的直接但钢铁的方式。较少的