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Historical Study on the Ideas of Productive Aging : Work Ethic and Aging in Political Economy in US and Britain.

生产性老龄化理念的历史研究：美国和英国政治经济学中的工作伦理与老龄化。

基本信息

批准号：
15530135
负责人：
YASUKAWA Etsuko
金额：
$ 2.05万
依托单位：
Fukuyama City Women's College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2003
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2003 至 2004
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

I have intended to study on ageing and ageism in political economy.1. Ageism, like sexism and racism, has been shaped with the development of capitalist economy, which is founded on the fundamental principle such as efficiency and laissez faire market system.2. The aged, as well as women and handicapped, used to be treated as 'weaker persons' in the nation states in the West since the late 19^<th> century. They got some kinds of welfare benefits such as the Old Age Pension in Britain and Medicare Benefits in US. But they have been getting excluded and marginalized from labor market.3. Since the late 20^<th> century, population in the world, especially developed countries including Japan, is getting to graying. Many policy makers and economists in those countries have dismal perspectives of getting graying population.4. This is the background of the reverse of image on the aged from negative to positive. The aged used to be counted as the Weak, negative image. As it is 'the aging myths', said Robert Butler, gerontologist of US, it must be reversed to positive aging, especially productive aging, based on the human right to work.5. On the research of the old age people in Hirose-cho in Shimane, back country area, and Fukuyama, town area by our research project team, we got a very interesting conclusions that the old people in Hirose-cho take more productive aging idea in their everyday life than citied old people in Fukuyama.

我打算研究政治经济学中的老龄化和年龄歧视。与性别歧视和种族主义一样，资本主义经济是建立在效率和自由放任的市场制度等基本原则基础上的，随着资本主义经济的发展而形成的。自19世纪末以来，西方民族国家一直将老年人、妇女和残疾人视为“弱者”。世纪末以来，老年人、妇女和残疾人一直被视为“弱者”<th>。他们得到了一些福利，如英国的养老金和美国的医疗保险。但他们却被排斥在劳动力市场之外，被边缘化。20^世纪后期以来<th>，世界人口老龄化趋势明显，特别是包括日本在内的发达国家。这些国家的许多政策制定者和经济学家对人口老龄化持悲观态度。这是老年人形象由负向正逆转的时代背景。老年人过去常被看作是弱者的负面形象。美国老年病学家罗伯特·巴特勒说，由于这是“老龄化神话”，必须扭转为积极的老龄化，特别是生产性老龄化，以工作的人权为基础。本研究课题组通过对偏远地区岛根县广濑町和福山市町的老年人的调查，得出了一个非常有趣的结论，即广濑町的老年人在日常生活中比福山市的老年人更有生产性的老龄化观念。