权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

A study on nitrogen utilization pattern and its efficiency in dry matter production in rice crop

水稻氮素利用模式及其干物质生产效率研究

基本信息

批准号：
06660021
负责人：
SHIRAIWA Tatsuhiko
金额：
$ 0.38万
依托单位：
Shiga Prefectural Junior College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
1994
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1994 至 1995
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06660021/
关键词：
rice growth and yield nitrogen uptake nitrogen use efficiency genetic variability leaf area radiation use efficiency photosynthesis 低投入収量品種乾物生産窒素濃度水稲品種間差異窒素分配葉身窒素含量

项目摘要

Three studies were conducted to determine genetic variability of nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) in grain and biomass production in rice crop. (1) Experiments during four years to quantify the relationship between N supply and dry matter productivity in Nipponbare rice with reference to canopy development from 1991 to 1994. (2) A comparison of NUE among 64 genotypes including Japanese and Asian old/modem cultivars. (3) Comparisons of nitrogen utilization pattern and dry matter production among 8 cultivars with short and high statures in 1998 and between Nipponbare and a high-yielding F1 rice from China in 1994 and 1995.(1) The response of dry matter productivity to N in the leaf canopy of Nipponbare was fairly stable across the four years and the nine conditions (3 N fertilizations * 3 planting densities). Curvilinear responses to N of light interception and radiation-use efficiency (RUE) were determined, (2) Grain yield per unit absorbed N varied from -35 to +24% to the standard cultivars Nipponbare and highest in the modem high-yielding cultivars mainly by their high harvest indices. Biomass yield ranged from -11 to +14% to Nipponbare standard and some Chinese local cultivars with very tall stature showed high productivity as well as the high-yielding cultivars. (3) N allocation in canopy development between leaf area (LAI) development and specific leaf N (SLN) content varied between short and high statured cultivars. This difference affected dry matter productivity. Greater LAI resulting in greater light interception and higher SLN resulting in high RUE. favored dry matter production under very low and medium to sufficient N availability, respectively. High-yielding Fl rice showed superior RUE than Nipponbare even at the similar SLN and this was attributed to higher N use efficiency in leaf photosynthesis and steeper N gradient in the leaf canopy.

进行了三项研究以确定谷物氮利用效率（NUE）和水稻作物生物量生产的遗传变异性。 (1) 参考 1991 年至 1994 年冠层发育情况，进行了四年的实验，量化了日本晴稻氮供应和干物质生产力之间的关系。 (2) 包括日本和亚洲老/现代品种在内的 64 个基因型之间 NUE 的比较。 (3)1998年8个矮秆和高秆品种以及1994年和1995年日本晴与中国F1高产水稻的氮素利用模式和干物质产量的比较。(1)日本晴叶冠层干物质生产力对氮素的响应在4年和9个条件(3次氮肥*3种植密度)中相当稳定。确定了光截获和辐射利用效率（RUE）对氮的曲线响应，（2）标准品种日本晴每单位吸收氮的谷物产量变化范围为-35%至+24%，现代高产品种的产量最高，主要是由于其高收获指数。生物量产量按照日本晴标准为-11%至+14%，一些身材很高的中国本土品种与高产品种一样表现出高生产力。 (3) 冠层发育中的氮分配在叶面积（LAI）发育和特定叶氮（SLN）含量之间的分配在矮矮品种和高矮品种之间存在差异。这种差异影响了干物质生产力。 LAI 越大，光拦截越大，SLN 越高，RUE 越高。分别在极低和中等至充足的氮利用率下有利于干物质生产。即使在相似的 SLN 下，高产 F1 水稻的 RUE 也优于日本晴，这归因于叶片光合作用更高的氮利用效率和叶冠中更陡的氮梯度。