Search for the ancestral species show pelargonium(Pelargonium *domesticum Bailey) by means of flower pigment analysis.

通过花色素分析，寻找天竺葵的祖先种（Pelargium *domesticum Bailey）。

• 批准号: 06660036
• 负责人: KATO Masahiro
• 金额: $ 1.28万
• 依托单位: EHIME UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (C)
• 财政年份: 1994
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1994 至 1995
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-06660036/
• 关键词: Pelargonium; isozyme; essential oil component; anthocyanidin; crosscompatibility; ニオイゼラニウム; 花色素; アントシアニン

Pelargonium plants, which are originated in South Africa, have 250 species.Most of the cultivated forms of geranium (Pelargonium) may be grouped into four horticultural classes, i.e., (1)zonal geraniums, (2)show pelargoniums, (3)ivy-leaved geraniums, and (4) scented-leaved geraniums ; the former three are used as ornamentals and the last one as aromatics.Basic chromosome numbers are X=8,9,10 and 11. Investigation including past works was summarized below.(1) From the observation of the pollen tube behavior by means of the fluorescence microscope and isozyme analysis, the show pelargoniums and the scented-leaved geraniums were similar to each other, but the zonal geraniums were different from above two classes.(2) Developmental process of ovules in Pelargonium was investigated, and the mechanism of fertilization was named as selective fertilization.(3) Using the anther culture technique, haploid plants were obtained, and variation of their essential components was investigated.(4) From the analysis of essential oil components by gas chromatography, variation and genetic relationships among the Pelargonium species were estimated.(5) Interspecific hybridization in Pelargonium by means of ovule culture technique was established, and characteristics of many F1 hybrids between show pelargoniums and scented-leaved geraniums were investigated.(6) Relationship of anthocyanidin composition and color of petals in show pelargoniums were investigated, and improvement of flower color of show pelargonium was carried out by means of interspecific hybridization.(7) Introgression of fragrance into show pelargonium was carried out by means of interspecific hybridization between scented-leaved geraniums and show pelargoniums.(8) Collection of wild species having basic chromosome number X=11 was made in South Africa by Fumika Kakihara from Oct.1995 to Jan.1996.

天竺葵植物原产于南非，有250种。天竺葵的大部分栽培形式可分为四个园艺类，即(1)带状天竺葵、(2)展示天竺葵、(3)常春藤叶天竺葵和(4)香叶天竺葵；前三者为观赏植物，最后一者为芳香植物。基本染色体数为X=8、9、10、11。将以往的研究工作总结如下。(1)从荧光显微镜和同工酶分析对花粉管行为的观察来看，天竺葵与香叶天竺葵的花粉管行为相似，但带状天竺葵的花粉管行为较为相似。 (2)研究了天竺葵属植物胚珠的发育过程，并将其受精机制命名为选择性受精。(3)利用花药培养技术获得单倍体植株，并研究了其主要成分的变异。(4)通过气相色谱分析精油成分，估计了天竺葵属物种之间的变异和亲缘关系。(5) 利用胚珠培养技术建立了天竺葵种间杂交，并研究了多种天竺葵与香叶天竺葵杂交F1的特性。(6)研究了天竺葵花青素组成与花瓣颜色的关系，并通过以下方法对天竺葵花色进行了改良： (7)通过香叶天竺葵与展示天竺葵的种间杂交，实现香味向展示天竺葵的基因渗入。(8)基本染色体数X=11的野生种的采集，由Fumika Kakihara于1995年10月至1996年1月在南非收集。

项目成果

Shiraishi K.: "Characteristics of plants derived from anther culture in Pelargonium * domesticum Bailey." Japan.J.Breeding Shikoku Meeting. Abstract.29 : 38. (1995)

Shiraishi K.：“天竺葵花药培养植物的特征。”

福田立: "ゼラニウム(pelargonium x hortorum)とアイビ-ゼラニウム(P.peltatum)との種間雑種作出 1.胚珠培養における培地の検討" 第14回植物組織培養学会大会講演要旨集. 50 (1995)

Tatsu Fukuda：“天竺葵 x hortorum 和常春藤天竺葵 (P.peltatum) 之间种间杂交的创建 1. 胚珠培养培养基的考虑”第 14 届植物组织培养学会会议记录 50 (1995)。

Kobayashi K.: "Production of purplish color strains in zonal geranium (Pelargonium x hortorum)" Proceeding of the 7th international congress of the society for the advancement of breeding researches in Asia and Oceania. Vol.II. 677-684 (1994)

Kobayashi K.：“带状天竺葵（天竺葵 x hortorum）中紫色菌株的生产”亚洲和大洋洲育种研究进步学会第七届国际大会论文集。

白石景子: "ペラルゴニウム(pelargonium x domesticum Bailey)における葯培養個体の形質" 日本育種学会四国談話会会報. 第29号. 38 (1995)

Keiko Shiraishi：“天竺葵 x Domesticum Bailey 花药培养个体的特征”日本育种学会四国学术讨论会通报第 29. 38 号（1995 年）。

Kobayashi K.: "Production of purplish color strains in zonal geranium(Pelargonium * hortorum)." Proceeding of the 7th international congress of the society for the advancement of breeding researches in Asia and Oceania. vol.II. 677-684 (1994)

Kobayashi K.：“带状天竺葵（天竺葵 * hortorum）中紫色菌株的生产。”