Moleccular analysis of human leukocyto antigens in trophblast derived cells

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Mammalian conceptus, which is immunologically semi-allogeneic to the mother, can grow and develop in the mother's uterus avoiding rejection by a component maternal immune system during pregnancy. The molecules on the allogencic fetus and chorionic tissue that arc most active in eliciting an antibody response in the mother arc class 1 major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. We employed several trophoblast derived cell lines to clarify the mechanism regulating the expression of HLA class 1 mRNA at transcriptional level. Northern blot hybridization probed classical HLA class I gene (HLA-A) and nonclassical one (HLA-G) could show the heterogeneity of the expression of HLA class 1 genes among trophoblast cell lines. Using trophoblastic cell lines which express classical HLA class 1, we could demonstrate the nuclear protein that binds the promoter region (enhancer-A) and the expression of this nuclear protein was stimulated by the addition of interfcron-g (published in Am.J.Reprod.Immunol.34 : 323-331 1995). Furthermore, the interaction between nuclear protein and enhancer region was inhibited by anti-NF-kB p5O antibody indicating that the NF-KB p5O protein may play an important regulator to express classical HLA class 1 in trophoblast. On the other hand, we could show that the novel nuclear protein distict from NF-kB protein in the trophoblastic cell line, BeWo, recognizes the specific region located at the promoter region of HLA-G gene (data are submitted in academic journal). Characterization of this novel protein are now on going.