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Diversification of public service delivery: International Perspective

公共服务提供的多元化：国际视角

基本信息

批准号：
16203024
负责人：
MIYAKAWA Tadao
金额：
$ 20.72万
依托单位：
Reitaku University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (A)
财政年份：
2004
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2004 至 2006
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The forms of public service delivery have increased variations since the 1980s: new styles or mechanisms such as PFI, Agencies, Assigned management for specific facilities are adopted in addition to traditional contracting out methods. This research aimed to investigate the backgrounds of diversification of public service delivery, the impacts on public finance and management in the public sector, whether or not this change might cause the new issues on accountability and democratic control for public services.Therefore, first, we reviewed the theoretical and empirical studies on public services by selecting appropriate academic articles and government documents and reports. As a result, it was shown that the diversification was basically derived from the concept of new public management (NPM). At the same time, as some scholars indicate, the multiple service delivering systems transform the providing entity (provider) from an internal organization within the government into parties co … More mposed of multi actors depending on each other. In other words, the change from government to governance requires a new management and control system to ensure public accountability and to rationalize the transaction costs other than monitoring system maintaining the quality of public services for network governance. If we correspond these issues to academics, the following themes are identified; governance in political science, agency problems in economics, network theory in management, coproduction in public administration.These issues were recognized in the survey on public service delivery for mayors and other senior executives in local government which was implemented in 2005. Most of the respondents indicated that in order to get the full benefit by diversification it is possible to not only monitor the outcomes and quality of services but there need to exist several alternative providers for public services in the district. However, it is difficult not only to establish an appropriate monitoring system owing to limitation to measure outcomes of public services in case of unobservable outcomes but to find a substitute provider for the current public organization in rural areas. Consequently, it is necessary to set up the infrastructure on enhancing efficiency and quality, like a competitive situation in case of marketization and trusty relationships in case of coproduction. Also in case of conflict between traditional and innovative systems, it has to be replaced by new system fitting for new governance. Less

自20世纪80年代以来，公共服务的提供形式增加了变化：除了传统的承包方法外，还采用了新的方式或机制，如PFI、代理机构、对特定设施的承包管理。本研究旨在探讨公共服务提供多元化的背景、对公共部门财政和管理的影响以及这一变化是否会引发公共服务问责制和民主控制的新问题。因此，首先，我们通过选择适当的学术文章和政府文件和报告，对公共服务的理论和实证研究进行了回顾。研究结果表明，多元化基本上是新公共管理理念的产物。与此同时，正如一些学者所指出的，多元化的服务提供体系使服务提供主体（提供者）从政府内部的组织转变为政府内部的合作伙伴， ...更多信息由多个演员组成，相互依赖。换句话说，从政府到治理的转变需要一个新的管理和控制系统，以确保公共问责制和合理化的交易成本，而不是监测系统，以维持网络治理的公共服务质量。如果将这些问题与学术界联系起来，可以发现以下主题：政治学中的治理、经济学中的代理问题、管理学中的网络理论、公共行政中的共同生产。这些问题在2005年实施的面向市长和地方政府其他高级行政人员的公共服务提供情况调查中得到了确认。大多数答复者表示，为了从多样化中获得充分利益，不仅可以监测服务的结果和质量，而且需要在该地区存在几个公共服务的替代提供者。然而，由于在无法观察到结果的情况下衡量公共服务结果的局限性，不仅难以建立适当的监测系统，而且难以找到农村地区现有公共组织的替代提供者。因此，有必要建立提高效率和质量的基础设施，如市场化情况下的竞争局面和合作生产情况下的信任关系。在传统制度与创新制度发生冲突的情况下，必须用适合新治理的新制度来取代。少