アラル海の縮小に伴う附近住民の健康被害調査-ウラニウムを中心に-

咸海是世界第四大湖泊，是琵琶湖的100倍。现在它失去了大约75%的面积。这被称为20世纪以来最大的环境破坏。结果表明，强沙尘暴从西北向东南方向移动，涉及湖泊沉积物，这些沉积物可能被农药和重金属污染。居住在咸海东岸的居民抱怨健康问题。我们于2000年开始流行病学调查。我们调查了贫血、呼吸功能障碍和肾功能障碍等高发疾病的病因。作为肾功能障碍的原因，我们首先怀疑镉，并分析了许多生物、环境和食品样品。我们不能说镉是导致肾功能不全的原因。我们一直在分析来自世界各地的许多饮用水。我们注意到这个地区的饮用水含有较高的铀。因此，我们决定在本项目中研究铀对健康的影响。2004年9月，我们在3个村庄随机抽取了218名学龄儿童接受了调查。2005年2月，218名儿童中有155名接受了调查。他们提供了饮用水、血液和尿液样本。饮用水中铀的最高浓度约为40 ng/ml。饮用水中铀浓度与尿液中铀浓度呈正相关（r=263）。尿中肌酐浓度随饮用水升高而升高。尿蛋白也随饮用水中铀的加入而升高（r=0.272）。但饮用水中的铀与b -2微球蛋白或NAG之间没有相关性。尿中铀、钛、砷与饮用水中锶、铁、钙呈正相关。我们将继续这项调查。并阐明肾功能不全的原因。

The Aral Sea was the forth largest lake in the world, and was 100 times of the Biwa Lake. Now it lost about 75% of the area. This is called as the biggest environmental destruction during the 20^<th> century. As the results strong sandstorm comes from north-west to south-east involving lake sediments, which might be contaminated with agricultural chemicals and heavy metals. The residents living in the east side of the Aral Sea complained health problem. We started epidemiological investigation in 2000. We surveyed the causes of diseases with high prevalence such as anemia, respiratory dysfunction, and renal dysfunction. As the cause of renal dysfunction we first doubted of cadmium, and analyzed many biological, environmental and food specimens. And we could not say cadmium was the cause of the renal dysfunction. We have been analyzing many drinking waters from world wide. We noticed drinking water in this area contained relatively high uranium. Therefore, we decided to research about health effect of uranium in this project. In September 2004,218 school age children accepted our survey, who were randomly selected in 3 villages and in February 2005, 155 children among 218 accepted. They provided their drinking water, blood, and urine samples. The highest uranium concentration in drinking water was about 40 ng/ml. Totally correlation between uranium concentration in drinking water and urine was found as positive correlation (r=263). Creatinine concentrations in urine increased according to those of drinking water. Urinary protein was also increased with uranium in drinking water (r=0.272). But there were no correlation in between uranium in drinking water and B-2-microglobrin or NAG. There were positive correlation between uranium and titanium and arsenic in urine, and strontium, iron, and calcium in drinking water. We will continue this survey. And will clarify the cause of renal dysfunction.