How is the lay judge system accepted by the Japanese and how should it be operated?

我们的研究项目在日本普通民众中进行了两次问卷调查，以研究日本人对刑事司法的态度和对非专业法官制度的态度。我们从这些调查中获得的知识如下。(1)普通民众对犯罪嫌疑人或被告人的态度普遍较为严厉。(2)外行法官制度在可理解性和民主性方面评价较高，而在寻找真相方面评价较差。(3)一般来说，他们不太愿意担任非专业法官，但对他人或政府的依赖程度较低、受教育程度较高、收入较高的自我指导人群更愿意担任非专业法官。(4)对非专业法官制度的正面评价在第二次调查中多于第一次调查。

Our research project conducted two questionnaire surveys among ordinary people in Japan, in order to research the Japanese attitudes toward criminal justice and those toward the lay judge system.The knowledge we acquired from these surveys is as follows. (1)Ordinary people generally take severer attitudes toward suspects or defendants. (2)They highly evaluate the lay judge system with respect to understandability and democracy, while the evaluation of finding the truth is rather negative. (3)They are not very willing to serve as lay judge in general, however, the self-directive people with higher educational background and high-income, who are less dependent on the others or the government, are more willing. (4)Positive evaluations of the lay judge system were observed more in the second survey than the first survey.