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Research on the development of ownership---An aspect of the study of psychology and the law

所有制发展研究——心理学与法学研究的一个方面

基本信息

批准号：
13620001
负责人：
MATSUMURA Yoshiyuki
金额：
$ 1.47万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份：
2001
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
2001 至 2002
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

Ownership is a fundamental social concept in our social lives. My study focuses on the concept of ownership differentiated from just possession in terms of cognitive development. Sixteen children were interviewed. The following items were asked. The meating and definition of possession and ownership. The beginning and the end of possession and ownership. The origination and termination of possession and ownership. The reason of possession and ownership. Money as a social concept. Even five year old children have a sense of ownership to some extent. However, some of them explain that they lose ownership, if they lose possession. This suggested that they fail to understand the concept of ownershio differentiated from real possession. Six year old children tend to be equipped with the notion of ownership differentiated from real possession to some extant. Children seem to understand buying and selling as a social concept and it seems that buying and selling brings forth the notion of the origin the idea of authority of ownership. Children have a vague idea of how money, buying and selling, and ownership of belongings are related to one another. In addition to buying and selling, children seem to understand the idea of donation and the relationship between donation and ownership. However, this tends to be only valid among the family. Five year old children don't seem to understand well the reciprocity of ownership. Therefore, their claim of ownership may originate from the strength of their ego. Six year old children tend to understand the reciprocity of ownership considerably. Their implication is that their naive idea may reflects the folk theory of ownership.

所有权是我们社会生活中的一个基本社会概念。我的研究重点是在认知发展方面区分所有权与仅仅占有的概念。16名儿童接受了采访。问了以下几个问题。占有和所有权的含义和定义。占有和所有权的开始和结束。占有和所有权的产生和终止。占有和所有权的原因。金钱是一个社会概念。即使是五岁的孩子在某种程度上也有主人翁意识。然而，他们中的一些人解释说，如果他们失去了所有权，他们就失去了所有权。这表明他们没有理解与实际占有不同的所有权概念。六岁的孩子往往具备所有权的概念，在某种程度上区别于实际占有。孩子们似乎把买卖理解为一种社会概念，买卖似乎带来了所有权权威的起源概念。孩子们对金钱、买卖和财产所有权之间的关系有一个模糊的概念。除了买卖，孩子们似乎理解捐赠的概念以及捐赠和所有权之间的关系。然而，这往往只在家庭中有效。五岁的孩子似乎不太明白所有权的相互关系。因此，他们的所有权主张可能源于他们自我的力量。六岁的孩子往往能很好地理解所有权的互惠性。他们的暗示是，他们天真的想法可能反映了民间的所有权理论。