Emergence and spread of cultural innovative behavior among wild chimpanzees

文化行为模式的野生黑猩猩在Mahale观察喂养，工具的使用，梳理，发挥，求偶显示，恐吓显示。我们阐明了文化行为背后的一般发展过程。“梳理握手“被视为一种社会学习过程。很可能，形式本身是通过母亲的“成型”传递的，但其精细的模式似乎是由个人自己的试错学习决定的。随着时间的推移，人们经常观察到一些新的行为，其中有40多个被记录下来。然而，我们的结论是，只有很小的可能性，这些是固定的文化行为。

Cultural behavior patterns of wild chimpanzees at Mahale were observed in feeding, tool-use, grooming, play, courtship displays, and intimidation displays. We clarified the general developmental processes behind cultural behavior."Grooming hand-clasp"was examined as a process of social learning. It's likely that the form itself is transmitted by"Molding"by the mother, but its fine patterns seem to be determined by the individual's own trial-and-error learning. Some novel behaviors of which more than forty were recorded, were frequently observed over time. However we concluded that there is only a small possibility that these are fixed as cultural behavior.