Teacher professionalism in school accountability : Improvement for physical education in elementary school through teacher and stakeholder communications

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The aim of this study was to identify ways in which "professional approaches" in the context of school accountability influence improvement and accountability for physical education lessons. The following insights resulted from the study.It seems that mutual learning among teachers in a spirit of collegiality, advice from researchers, and the acquisition of high-level knowledge from specialist books are an important basis for developing the capacity of reflection on one's own lesson practice, a necessary factor for lesson improvement. Through the content of informed consent, that is, the accomplishment of the direction of the lesson to be conducted as a professional, accountability to stakeholders achieves the stage of justification. In other words, it can be argued that striving to obtain mutual agreement and construct a collaborative relationship is linked to democratic accountability.