High resolution mass spectrometry laboratory experiments for the analysis of past and future space data

用于分析过去和未来空间数据的高分辨率质谱实验室实验

• 批准号: 452069549
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Bernd Abel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Technische Chemie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/452069549?language=en
• 关键词: resolution; mass; spectrometry; laboratory; experiments

Enceladus is known to eject material into space from a subsurface global salty water ocean. Therefore, the Cassini mission targeting the Enceladus plume could easily collect plume material in a flyby over the south polar terrain at a suitable altitude. Due to the big success of the Cassini space mission, follow up missions are planned for the future. However, for these missions much more compact instruments with a much higher mass resolution are necessary. Because much of the success in analyzing the space data came from laboratory experiments the current proposal targets at developing instruments for laboratory experiments, which on the one hand may have the potential to be even implemented on board of future space missions (e.g., Orbitrap mass spectrometer). On the other hand, the developed instruments will have the potential to support these missions through laboratory experiments that provide data for understanding particle interactions and atmospheric compositions of planets and their moons, as well as in the quest for searching life on planets and their moons in our solar system. One focus of the project is therefore to combine a laser impact desorption (LID) source with powerful mass analyzers to have a good analog experiment for the interpretation of spectra recorded within the Cassini space mission that ended in 2018. It also has the goal to record libraries of spectra for future space missions, with a focus on molecules being indicators for extraterrestrial life. Beyond our focus on the study of the water-organic ejecta of the Saturn's moon Enceladus we will also investigate the possible chemical interplay between Enceladus and Titan. It is known that Enceladus releases the substances present in the subsurface water ocean into the space through its surface emissions. These substances are ionized and dragged by the magnetic field of Saturn towards the Titan, where they interact with molecules and ions present in its ionosphere. By the subsequent ion-molecule reactions, high-molecular compounds could be generated, which were observed by Cassini-Huygens mission. This will be investigated in the present study. A combination of several experimental approaches will be used for this. Within the present collaborative effort, the teams in Leipzig and Prag join forces for the investigation of the nature of the aqueous molecules of Enceladus by combining Laser-Impact-Desorption-MS (LID-MS) and a novel mass analyzer instrument, termed CIARA. Finally, the interaction of fast “water ions” will be studied using the modified sector-type mass spectrometer. Possible mechanisms for the formation of high-molecular compounds will be studied using tandem mass spectrometry.

众所周知，土卫二将物质从全球地下咸水海洋中喷射到太空中。因此，以土卫二羽状物为目标的卡西尼号任务可以很容易地在适当高度飞越南极地形时收集羽状物。由于卡西尼号太空任务取得巨大成功，后续任务计划在未来进行。然而，对于这些飞行任务来说，需要更紧凑、质量分辨率更高的仪器。由于在分析空间数据方面取得的许多成功来自实验室实验，目前的提议旨在为实验室实验开发仪器，这一方面甚至有可能在未来的空间飞行任务(如Orbitrap质谱仪)上实施。另一方面，开发的仪器将有可能通过实验室实验为这些飞行任务提供支持，这些实验为了解行星及其卫星的粒子相互作用和大气组成提供数据，以及在太阳系寻找行星及其卫星上的生命。因此，该项目的一个重点是将激光撞击解吸(LID)源与强大的质量分析器结合起来，为解释2018年结束的卡西尼号空间任务中记录的光谱进行良好的模拟实验。它的目标也是为未来的太空任务记录光谱库，重点是分子是外星生命的指示器。除了我们重点研究土星卫星土卫二的水有机喷射物外，我们还将研究土卫二和土卫六之间可能的化学相互作用。众所周知，土卫二通过其表面排放将存在于地下水海洋中的物质释放到太空中。这些物质被土星的磁场电离并拖向土卫六，在那里它们与土星电离层中的分子和离子相互作用。通过后续的离子-分子反应可以生成高分子化合物，这是卡西尼-惠更斯任务观察到的。这一点将在本研究中加以探讨。为此，将使用几种实验方法的组合。在目前的合作努力中，莱比锡和普拉格的团队联合起来，通过结合激光-撞击-解吸-质谱仪(LID-MS)和一种名为Ciara的新型质量分析仪来研究土卫二的水分子的性质。最后，利用改进后的扇形质谱计研究了快速“水离子”的相互作用。将使用串联质谱学研究形成高分子化合物的可能机制。