Development of Analytical Method of Oral Function in Masticational Cycle.

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Masticatory movements is fundamentally characterized by its repeated rhythmical movements, and the rhythm of mastication is known to be controlled by the rhythm generator that exists in the central nervous system. Furthermore, sensory information from the peripheral nerve is also involved in controlling motor function in the masticatory system, which is thought to be the essence of the neuromuscular coordination related to the masticatory system. Although mapping of the area activated during a series of masticatory movements within the primary sensorimotor area known to control mandibular movement as well as sensation has previously been reported, changes in the activation state by clenching remains to be clarified. In this study, we examined the posibility of Development of analytical method of oral function in masticational cycle. Previous brain mapping studies on mastication were performed using positron emission tomography(PET), however, PET has a drawback concerning radiation exposure. Non-invasive functional magnetic resonance imaging(fMRI), which visualizes the functioning area in the brain, was use to determine blood oxygen level dependent(BOLD) signals, which are regarded as an index of functionally induced changes in the cerebral regional blood flow. Measurements of fMRI were performed on a conventional whole body 1.5T clinical scanner using a single shot, multislice echo-planar imaging sequence. And MEG were performed for determine cortex reaction of trigeminal nerve for lower lip. Six normal volunteers underwent fMRI and MEG during biting and favorite food imaging task. Image processing was performed using all pixels with significant signal intensity(SI) change determined from the fMRI data and MEG data. The findings showed that the SI significantly increased by biting task and favorite food imaging task. These findings suggest that fMRI and MEG were very useful analytical method for oral function research.