Development of global chemical transport model (GCTM) and its application

全球化学品运输模型（GCTM）的发展及其应用

• 批准号: 10558083
• 负责人: KITADA Toshihiro
• 金额: $ 6.4万
• 依托单位: Toyohashi University of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1998 至 2000
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-10558083/
• 关键词: GCTM; Global chemical transport; South-east Asia; Biomass burning; Ozone; lightning; acidic deposition; acid rain; バイオマス燃焼; インドネシア; 広域大気汚染; 化学輸送モデル; 地球規模大気汚染; エアロゾル; NOx; SOx; アジア; 環境汚染; 地球規模; 積雲対流; 雷光; 数値解法

Emission control of green house gases may be the most serious issue in the 21st century. However, attitude to this issue is not necessarily consistent among countries in the world. One reason may be attributed to uncertainly in science and modeling for future prediction on the effect of human activity on atmospheric environment in global scale. Thus, we have tried to develop a comprehensive Global Scale Chemical Transport Model (GCTM) in this study. The model can take into account (1) rapid increase of fossil fuel consumptions, (2) biomass fire caused by agricultural activity, (3) aircraft emission in lower stratosphere, (4) CH_4 emission from rice paddy, natural wet land, and animals, (5) NO_x emission by lightning activity, (6) biogenic hydrocarbon emission, (7) emission from active volcano, etc. The model includes the major processes of transport (advection, diffusion, sub-grid scale cumulus convection), chemistry (gas and liquid phase chemistry), and wet- and dry-deposition. The developed GCTM was applied to investigate the effects of biomass fire in Indonesia and Australia, and lightning on ozone etc. in low-latitudinal area. The model showed its applicability by successfully simulating TOMS ozone enhanced by biomass fire activity in the area.

绿色家用气体的排放控制可能是21世纪世纪最严重的问题。然而，世界各国对这一问题的态度并不一定一致。其中一个原因可能是在科学上的不确定性和未来预测人类活动对全球大气环境影响的模型。因此，我们试图在这项研究中开发一个全面的全球尺度化学传输模式（GCTM）。该模型可以考虑（1）化石燃料消耗的快速增长，（2）农业活动引起的生物质火灾，（3）平流层下部飞机排放，（4）稻田、天然湿地和动物排放的CH_4，（5）闪电活动引起的NO_x排放，（6）生物源碳氢化合物排放，（7）活火山排放，该模式包括输送（平流、扩散、次网格尺度积云对流）、化学（气相和液相化学）、湿沉降和干沉降等主要过程。利用GCTM模拟了印度尼西亚和澳大利亚的生物质火灾以及低纬地区的闪电对臭氧等的影响。该模型成功地模拟了该地区生物质火灾活动增强的TOMS臭氧，表明了其适用性。

项目成果

Kitada, T., and Nishizawa, M.: "Modeling study of the long range transport of acidic pollutants over east Asia and the west Pacific ocean-Sensitivity of acid deposition to scavenging model parameters and emission source distribution." Journal of Global En

Kitada, T. 和 Nishizawa, M.：“东亚和西太平洋酸性污染物远距离输送的模型研究——酸沉降对清除模型参数和排放源分布的敏感性。”

Kitada,T. et al.: "Effect of biomass burning on tropospheric chemistry in Southeast Asia -A numerical simulation for September and October, 1994"Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XIV (Kluwer Academic/Plenum Pub., New York, USA). (2001)

北田，T.

Kitada, T., Okamura, K., Nakanishi, H., and Mori, H.: "Production and transport of ozone in local flows over central Japan -Comparison of numerical calculation with airborne observation." Air Pollution Modelling and Its Application XIII. (in press). (1999

Kitada, T.、Okamura, K.、Nakanishi, H. 和 Mori, H.：“日本中部局部流中臭氧的产生和传输 - 数值计算与机载观测的比较。”

Kitada, T., Nishizawa, M., and Kondo, Y.: "Long range transport NOx, NOy, 03 and Sox over east Asia and the western Pacific ocean in winter season-A numerical analysis." Air Pollution Modeling and Its Application XII, Plenum Press, New York. 205-215 (1998

Kitada, T.、Nishizawa, M. 和 Kondo, Y.：“冬季东亚和西太平洋上空的 NOx、NOy、03 和 Sox 的远距离传输——数值分析。”

Kurata, G., and Kitada, T.: "Estimation of the initial lifting height of polluted airmass due to biomass burning using medo-scale meteorological model Air Pollution VII"WIT Press, Southampton, UK. 157-166 (2000)

Kurata, G. 和 Kitada, T.：“使用中尺度气象模型空气污染 VII 估算由于生物质燃烧造成的污染气团的初始提升高度”WIT Press，南安普敦，英国。