课题基金 / 基金详情

Study on mitigation of heat island and air pollution with vegetation in urban area

Study on mitigation of heat island and air pollution with vegetation in urban area
城市植被缓解热岛效应和空气污染的研究
批准号:
08650645
负责人:
KITADA Toshihiro
金额:
$1.22万
依托单位国家:
日本
项目类别:
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (C)
财政年份:
1996
资助国家:
日本
项目状态:
已结题
起止时间:
1996 至 1997

项目摘要

项目成果

KITADA Toshihiro的其他基金

相似基金

相关文献

中文摘要
翻译
城市面积的扩大往往会使夏季热环境恶化,即炎热的夏季难以忍受。城市地区的高温通常是由城市地表类型的变化引起的,例如从森林到铺装的道路和建筑物,除了东京市中心等高度集中的地区,由于密集的能源使用而产生的余热可能直接升高温度。因此,通过在城市地区引入植被来缓解高温应该是一种有前途的方法。植被还可以通过吸收污染物来减少空气污染。在这项研究中,我们开发了城市冠层模型,用于预测不同高度的植被和建筑物对温度、风和空气污染的影响。该模型参数化了亚栅格尺度建筑物和植被对冠层内部和冠层与上层之间动量、热量、水分和空气污染物传递的影响,并考虑了建筑物和植被叶面积指数(LAI)、植物对土壤水分的可利用性、建筑物的蓄热量以及植被和建筑物对短辐射和长辐射的响应。通过改变网格单元内建筑物与植被的面积比,对模型性能进行了一系列敏感性试验,得到了合理的模型结果,如模型较好地再现了持续晴天下植被对日最高气温的降低,表明即使在表层土壤干燥的情况下,植被也可以利用深层土壤中的水分进行蒸发。利用该模型对植被对大气污染物的吸收进行了评价。
英文摘要
Expanded urban area tends to make thermal environment worse in summer time, i.e.unbearably hot summer. The high temperature in urban area is usually caused by the change of urban surface type, e.g.from forest to paved road and buildings, except for extremely concentrated area such as the central Tokyo where the waste heat due to dense energy use may raise temperature directly. Thus mitigation of the high temperature through introduction of vegetation into urban area should be a promising way. The vegetation could also reduce air pollution by absorbing the pollutants. In this study we have developed urban canopy model for prediction of the effects of vegetation and buildings, with a variety of heights, on temperature, wind, and air pollution.The model parameterizes effects of subgrid-scale buildings and vegetation on the tansfer of momentum, heat, moisture, and air pollutants within canopy and between canopy and upper layrs, and accounts for LAI (Leaf Area Index) of buildings and vegetation, plant's availability of water in soil, heat storage of the buildings, and response of vegetation and buildings to short and long radiation. A series of sensitivity test was carried out on the model performance by changing area ratio of buildings and vegetation within a grid cell, and reasonable results were obtained on the model, e.g.the model well reproduced reduction of daily maximum temperature due to vegetation under continued sunny days, indicating the vegetation can utilize water in deep soil layr for evaporation even under dry surface soil condition. Absorption of air pollutant by vegetation was also evaluated using the model.
期刊论文(22)
专著(0)
科研奖励(0)
会议论文
岡村 聖・北田 敏廣: "サブグリットスケールの土地利用が大気境界層に与える影響のモデル化-k-εモデルにおける都市化域のパラメタリゼーション-" 環境システム研究. 25巻. 593-597 (1997)
Sei Okamura 和 Toshihiro Kitada:“模拟亚颗粒尺度土地利用对大气边界层的影响 - k-ε 模型中城市化区域的参数化”环境系统研究,第 25 卷,593-597(1997 年)。
DOI: --
发表时间:
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者: []
通讯作者:
Azad, A.K., Kitada, T.: "Characteristics of the air Pollution in the city of Dhaka,Bangladesh in winter" Atmospheric Environment. 32巻(印刷中). (1998)
Azad, A.K.,Kitada, T.:“孟加拉国达卡市冬季空气污染特征”,《大气环境》第 32 卷(出版中)。
DOI: --
发表时间:
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者: []
通讯作者:
Okamura, K.and Kitada, T.: "Modeling study on the parameterization of sub-grid scale land use distribution for the development of atmospheric boundary layr -Expression of urban canopy in the k-epsilon turbulence model-" Environmental Systems Research. Vol
Okamura, K. 和 Kitada, T.:“大气边界层发展的亚网格尺度土地利用分布参数化的建模研究 -k-epsilon 湍流模型中城市冠层的表达 -”环境系统研究。
DOI: --
发表时间:
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者: []
通讯作者:
DOI: --
发表时间:
期刊:
影响因子: --
作者: []
通讯作者:
22
    Study on air pollution exposure map and its evaluation on health risk in EastAsia
    • 批准号:
      17360256
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
    • 资助金额:
      $9.93万
    • 财政年份:
      2005
    • 负责人:
      KITADA Toshihiro
    • 依托单位:
    Estimation of global scale aerosol distribution to evaluate its effect on global warming
    • 批准号:
      14048211
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research on Priority Areas
    • 资助金额:
      $11.78万
    • 财政年份:
      2002
    • 负责人:
      KITADA Toshihiro
    • 依托单位:
    International comparison of energy demand and supply in urban areas under different climate conditions and feasibility to introduce renewable energy into the supply system
    • 批准号:
      14350286
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
    • 资助金额:
      $6.08万
    • 财政年份:
      2002
    • 负责人:
      KITADA Toshihiro
    • 依托单位:
    Development of global chemical transport model (GCTM) and its application
    • 批准号:
      10558083
    • 项目类别:
      Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
    • 资助金额:
      $6.4万
    • 财政年份:
      1998
    • 负责人:
      KITADA Toshihiro
    • 依托单位:
    海外基金