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Molecular-approach Diagnosis of Green gases Emission from landfill sites of Municipal Solid Wastes

城市固体废物填埋场绿色气体排放的分子方法诊断

基本信息

批准号：
11450196
负责人：
HARADA Hideki
金额：
$ 9.34万
依托单位：
Nagaoka University of Technology
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1999
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1999 至 2000
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-11450196/
关键词：
Landfill Phylogenetic analysis Hybridization Methane-oxidizing bacteria Methanogen Green house gas FISH 16S rRNA 16S rRNA クローニング

项目摘要

In the present study, we analyzed 1) initial degradation process of organic organic fraction of municipal solid wastes (OFMSW) in the laboratory-scale vertical column, which simulates landfill site soil layers, 2) structure and diversity of the microbial communities of landfill site soil. Four simulated landfill columns were prepared with different conditions with respect to oxygen and water availability. A significant extent of OFMSW degradation occurred during rather earlier stage of 150 days, corresponding to acid-producing phase. During the following period organic degradation becomes less and less with time elapsed, corresponding to methane-producing phase. Based on these observation, we proposed the way of landfill site operation, so as to 1) enhance aerobic condition at the upper portion of landfill site, and 2) recirculate the leachate liquid. Methane production yield was highest in bottom of the columns (e.g., anaerobic part) while it was lowest in surface of the columns (e.g., aerobic part). Thus result suggested that net methane production in the site should be subtracted by methane oxidizing bacteria. Contribution of the each column parts to global warming was evaluated, based on the gas generation data during the first year, and the result showed that contribution of semi aerobic part was much higher compared with that of aerobic site in which significant amount of carbon dioxide was produced.This result suggested that net methane production in the landfill sites should be subtracted. by methane oxidizing' bacteria. Contribution of the each column parts to global warming was evaluated, based on the gas generation data during the first year, and the result showed that contribution of semi aerobic part was much higher compared with that of aerobic part in which significant amount of carbon dioxide was produced.

本研究分析了城市生活垃圾（OFMSW）中有机组分在模拟填埋场土壤层的垂直柱中的初始降解过程，以及填埋场土壤微生物群落结构和多样性。四个模拟垃圾填埋场柱制备了不同的条件，氧气和水的可用性。OFMSW降解程度显着发生在150天的早期阶段，对应于产酸阶段。在接下来的时间内，有机物降解变得越来越少，随着时间的推移，相应的甲烷产生阶段。在此基础上，提出了填埋场的运行方式，即1）加强填埋场上部的好氧条件，2）渗滤液回流。甲烷产率在柱的底部最高（例如，厌氧部分）而在柱的表面最低（例如，需氧部分）。因此，研究结果表明，甲烷氧化细菌应扣除净甲烷产生量。根据填埋场第一年的产气数据，评价了各柱体对全球变暖的贡献，结果表明，准好氧部分对全球变暖的贡献远大于产生大量CO2的好氧部分，这一结果表明应扣除填埋场的净甲烷产量。甲烷氧化细菌。根据第一年的产气数据，评价了各柱段对全球变暖的贡献，结果表明，与产生大量CO2的好氧段相比，准好氧段对全球变暖的贡献更大。