Principles and Conditions for Formation of Agri-environmental Program

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In order to explain what principles play an important role for the formation of agri-environmental programs from the viewpoint of integration of many components into a program, the head investigator of project, Prof.Yokogawa, made research on the european models of agri-environmental program, especially on the German model, in cooperation with Prof.W.Grosskopf, Stuttgart Hohenheim university. This research is originally a continuance of our last research project, which also dealt with the principles of the formation of agri-environmental policies from the viewpoint of cost disbursement and therefore dealt with what criterion is for application of two principles of cost disbursement of agri-environmental measures, "polluter pays principle(PPP)" and "common charge principle" and how these principles can be applied to Japanese agriculture. This time it is found that the main principle of formation of agri-environmental programs is "cooperation principle". The "cooperation principle" means … More generally the participation(integration) of farmers, citizens, extention workers and administrators of local government into a program with a position of partnership. On the other hand it takes a legal form of agreements among farmers, citizens and administrators, namely the environmental contract or mixture(integration) of contract and legal regulation on the farming.15 members of our project made researches and examed various conditions for formation of agri-environmental programs in Japanese agriculture from different viewpoints : from standpoint of supporting system of environment-friendly production, from standpoint of profitability of organic farming and environment-friendly farming and their behavior, from standpoint of application of marketing theory of non-profit organizations, from standpoint of promoting of recycling of natural and agricultural resources, from standpoint of endogenous development of rural communities in less favored and mountainous areas, from standpoint of extension of non-contract type agreements of local people on the anti-pollution measures of livestock farming. Less